Multiplexing, Circuit Switching, Packet Switching, VC Switching, Telecommunication Switching System (Networking of Telephone Exchanges)

Multiplexing is the method of sharing a single channel to transfer different data streams. Circuit switching is process of setting up a circuit where communication is done. Packet Switching is a method of breaking data stream into different packets and sending them, the data packet may take different path in the network. A virtual circuit switching establishes a logical connection which appears as if it is a physical connection.

Summary

Multiplexing is the method of sharing a single channel to transfer different data streams. Circuit switching is process of setting up a circuit where communication is done. Packet Switching is a method of breaking data stream into different packets and sending them, the data packet may take different path in the network. A virtual circuit switching establishes a logical connection which appears as if it is a physical connection.

Things to Remember

Circuit Switching creats a physical path through which all the data are send.

In packet switching, data is broken up into the packet by the sender and they are sent to the switching office.

Multiplexing is a method by which multiple analog message signals or digital data streams are combined into one signal over a shared medium.

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Subjective Questions

Q1:

How is the society formed ?


Type: Very_short Difficulty: Easy

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Answer: <p>When two or more than two individuals come on the same platform then the society is formed.</p>

Q2:

What is the best example of human society ?


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Answer: <p>Neighbourhood can be one of the best examples of human society.</p>

Q3:

What are  essential for a person to live ?


Type: Very_short Difficulty: Easy

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Answer: <p>Food, Shelter, and Cloths are essential for a person to live.</p>

Q4:

How education plays a vital role in one's life?


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Answer: <p>Education plays very vital role in one's life because &nbsp;it is the mediator between darkness and brighter future of life.</p>

Q5:

Why is society important ?


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Answer: <p>Society is important to live the comfortable life with the fulfillment of his basic needs.</p>

Q6:

What do you mean by society


Type: Short Difficulty: Easy

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Answer: <p>Group of families who reside in the same territory and share almost every emotions related to happiness, sadness and much more with lending their hands to help each other is meant by society.</p>

Q7:

Why is society important?


Type: Short Difficulty: Easy

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Answer: <p>In human life there are threats of so many things like the danger of wild animals, natural calamities, theft and so on and single person definitely would not be able to cope up with these all one needs helpful hands of another one.So, society is important&nbsp;to live the comfortable life with the fulfillment of his basic needs.</p>
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Q8:

What is social work?


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Answer: <p>all the works people do within the social territory with the view of some improvements is known as social work. A person never can live alone like as he never can be apart from social affairs too.</p>

Q9:

What is social  work? How people participate in social work ?


Type: Long Difficulty: Easy

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Answer: <p>All the works people do within the social territory with the view of some improvements is known as social work. A person never can live alone like as he never can be apart from social affairs too. People participate in social work in this way like constructing temples, roads etc, timely cleanliness, and serving the neediest, poor member of society belongs to be social work.When works are done to improve social status it automatically since social work.</p>

Videos

Introduction to Sociology - Society and Social Interaction
Multiplexing, Circuit Switching, Packet Switching, VC Switching, Telecommunication Switching System &#40;Networking of Telephone Exchanges&#41;

Multiplexing, Circuit Switching, Packet Switching, VC Switching, Telecommunication Switching System &#40;Networking of Telephone Exchanges&#41;

Circuit Switching

In this networking method, a circuit is set up between two devices which are used for the connection, which is used for the whole communication. Switches are maintained throughout the connection by initializing it at the beginning. Network resources are reserved and provided by the main sender to receiver.

Fig: Circuit Switching
Fig: Circuit Switching

Packet switching

There is no physical connection for packets switching. The data is broken up into the packet by the sender and they are sent to the switching office. The first packet can easily be sent to the next switching office before the second packet has arrived. This makes the packet switching useful for the busy network.

Fig: Packet switching
Fig: Packet switching

Virtual Circuit Switching

Virtual circuit switching is a packet switching methodology where a path is established between the source and the destination nodes through which all the packets will be transmitted or send or routed during a call. As the connection appears to be a dedicated physical circuit it is called a virtual circuit.

Fig: Virtual circuit establishment
Fig: Virtual circuit establishment

Multiplexing

Multiplexing is a method where multiple analog message signals from different devices or digital data streams are combined into one single signal and transmitted over a shared medium. The multiplexing divides the transmission capacity of the single high-level communication channel into several low-level logical channels, one for transmission of each message signal or data stream. To extract the original signal on the receiver side a process called demultiplexing is done.

Fig: Multiplexing
Fig: Multiplexing

There are different type of multiplexing:

  • Frequency Division Multiplexing
  • Time Division Multiplexing
  • Wavelength Division Multiplexing

Telecommunication Switching System

Telecommunication switching system consists of electronic components. In older version of these systems, human operators did the interconnection (switching) of telephone subscriber lines to establish telephone calls between subscribers.

Fig: Telecommunication switching system
Fig: Telecommunication switching system

Reference

  1. Tanenbaum, WetherRall, Andrew S. David J. Computer Networks. 5th ed. Boston : Pearson Education, Inc.
  2. W. Stallings, “Data and Computer Communication”, Macmillan Press, 1989.
  3. Kurose Ross, “Computer Networking: A top-down approach”, 2nd Edition, Pearson Education
  4. Larry L. Peterson, Bruce S. Davie, “Computer Networks: A Systems Approach”, 3rd Edition, Morgan Kaufmann Publishers

Lesson

Physical Layer

Subject

Computer Engineering

Grade

Engineering

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