Recycling Of Organic Waste

Recycling of organic waste

The recycling of organic waste literally means the bioconversion which involves the conversion of organic matter into energy ,fertilizers fuel, and chemical through a biological agency . The term biological agents mean the microorganisms i.e Bacteria , Actinomycetes, and fungi . Organic waste may be solid excreta dung of animal ,urine and plant remains which are allowed to decay with the help of soil microorganism capable of decomposing complex organic debris into substances i.e easily assimilated by the plant as nutrients . The recycling techniques of organic wastes as fertilizer fuel and food areas.

Compost pit : Methode of cycling

1. A compost pit with dimension 3.5m, 2.5m and 1.5m dig in soil
2. The pita is filled with layers and each layer should be a 15cm thick . The bottom layers should be filled with green plant and aquatic weeds available on the from following by silt straw mixture and animal excreta.
3. The layers are repeated until the pit is filled
4. Finally a layer of repeated until the top of the pit in
5. Such a way that water of about 4cm depth is maintained on the surface to create anaerobic conditions which help to reduced losses of nitrogen .
6. In a time span of about 10 weeks, the mud plaster is dismantled and the content of the pit are turnover phosphate and watered
7. In the end of 3 months, the compost is ready for used on the from as plant nutrient

Heap method

1. Rectangular shaped is made into the soils.
2. Organic residues are added layers by layer.
3. Then heap is mud plates and allowed to fit
4. Within a periodic of 2 to 3 month . The heap is broken materials turned or stirred and again mud plaster . After several days organic matter solubilizer and serve as fertilizer for growing plant.

Vermi-composting

The use of earthworm in composting os known as vermicomposting . Obviously, earthworm plays an important role in the cycling of plant nutrients and turnover of organic matter as well as maintenance of soil structure 1kg of earthworms can consume 1kg of organic matter in a excrete as casting i.e rich in nitrates available nutrients such as phosphorous ,potassium calcium and magnesium . This encourages the growth of bacteria and actinomycetes due to abortion is soil pores which in turn support the growth of the plant . The most important effect of earthworm in agroecosystem is the increase in nutrient cycling particularly nitrogen . They ingest organic matters with a relatively wide C:N ratio and convert it to earthworm tissues with a low C:N ration . Thus they affect the physiochemical properties of the soil.

Biogas plant and methane digester

It is the method of digestion or recycling of organic wastes or matters in anaerobic ways . It is carried out in an air-tight cylindrical tank known as polyester.

Methode:

• Well, sophisticated digester having late for organic load and an outlet for gas collection are placed on the suitable surface .
• All organic matter are loaded layers by layers and air tight is made
• In commercial ways, inoculums of methanogenic bacteria are also incorporated for anaerobic digestion
• Air tight container is left for consumption by the facultative organism and partial digestion i.e solubilization occurs and ultimately actives methanol sarin etc are obligate anaerobic bacteria and decomposed organic matter anaerobically and generates biogas .

Organic matter as nutrient (single cell protein generator)

Organic matter is a reservoir of nutrient for microorganisms organism matter decomposition serve two functions for the microflora . providing energy for growth and supplying carbon for the formation of new cell matter or huge concentration of organism, which can be used as sigla cell protein . The dried cell of microorganism used as food or feed is collectively known as single cell protein . Commercially single cells protein are available in single cells to proteins available in packed . some of the examples of the organism which is used as food are Lactobacillus species, Saccharomyces species , Streptococcus species etc.organic matter support the growth of single cell protein and organic matters thus digested by this organism can be recycled as biofertilizers in a crop field.

Referane

Rangaswami, G and PT Bagyaraja. Agricultural Microbiology. 2nd. Prentice Hall of India, 1993.

Alexander, M. Introduction To Soil Microbiology . Academic Press, 1961.