Transitive Closure
The transitive closure of a graph G connects u and v iff there is a path in G from u to v. It provides the information called the reachability in a graph. That is, can one get from node a to node d in one or more hops? It is written in matrix form. The graph is given in the form of adjacency matrix, say A[u][v], where A[u][v] is 1 iff there is an edge from vertex u to v, otherwise 0.
Summary
The transitive closure of a graph G connects u and v iff there is a path in G from u to v. It provides the information called the reachability in a graph. That is, can one get from node a to node d in one or more hops? It is written in matrix form. The graph is given in the form of adjacency matrix, say A[u][v], where A[u][v] is 1 iff there is an edge from vertex u to v, otherwise 0.
Things to Remember
- The transitive closure of a graph G connects u and v iff there is a path in G from u to v.
- It provides the information called the reachability in a graph.
- That is, can one get from node a to node d in one or more hops? It is written in matrix form.
- The graph is given in the form of adjacency matrix, say A[u][v], where A[u][v] is 1 iff there is an edge from vertex u to v, otherwise 0.
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Subjective Questions
Q1:
Define chickenpox?
Type: Very_short Difficulty: Easy
Q2:
List down the symptoms of the chickenpox?
Type: Short Difficulty: Easy
<p>- Fever</p>
<p>- Loss of appetite</p>
<p>- Headache</p>
<p>- Tiredness and a general feeling of being unwell (malaise)</p>
<p> </p>
<p>Once the chickenpox rash appears, it goes through three phases:</p>
<p>- Raised pink or red bumps (papules), which break out over several days</p>
<p>- Fluid-filled blisters (vesicles), forming from the raised bumps over about one day before breaking and leaking</p>
<p>- Crusts and scabs, which cover the broken blisters and take several more days to heal</p>
Q3:
What are the nursing management for chickenpox andblist down the its complication?
Type: Long Difficulty: Easy
<ol>
<li>Antipyretic for fever.</li>
<li>Itching may be relieved by systemic antihistamines and or local application of calamine lotion, gentian violet and sponge baths with antiseptic detergent.</li>
<li>If there are a secondary infection or sign of pneumonia give the child penicillin.</li>
<li>If rashes are very itchy and the child can't sleep give promethazine if necessary.</li>
<li>Teach child to applies pressure to a pruritic area rather than scratch it.</li>
<li>Mouth and a perineal region may be treated by rinses ,gargles, and saline soak.</li>
<li>Nails must be cut short.</li>
<li>Isolation of cases for about 6days after an onset of rash.</li>
<li>Remove loose crust that rubs and irritate skin.</li>
</ol>
<p> </p>
<p>Chickenpox is normally a mild disease. But it can be serious and can lead to complications, especially in high-risk people. Complications include:</p>
<p>- Bacterial infections of the skin, soft tissues, bones, joints or bloodstream (sepsis)</p>
<p>- Pneumonia</p>
<p>- Inflammation of the brain (encephalitis)</p>
<p>- Toxic shock syndrome</p>
Q4:
How it can diagnosed and treated?
Type: Short Difficulty: Easy
<p>If there's any doubt about the diagnosis, chickenpox can be confirmed with laboratory tests, including blood tests or a culture of lesion samples.</p>
<p> </p>
<p>No specific treatment is available. Acyclovir accelerates the rate of clinical and skin lesion improvements, to reduce the number of lesions.</p>
<p>_ Cream : apply to lesion every 4-5 hourly daily for 5-10 days after starting at the first sign of attack.</p>
<p>_ Tablets : 20mg/kg/ dose 4 times daily for 5 days. Its administration should be restricted to immunosuppressed who develop chicken pox.</p>
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Transitive Closure
- .The transitive closure of a graph G connects u and v iff there is a path in G from u to v
- Given a digraph G (V,E), the transitive closure of G is the digraph G* such that
- G* has the same vertices as G
- if G has a directed path from u to v (u != v), G* has a directed edge from u to v.
- The transitive closure provides information about the reachability in a digraph.
- The reachability matrix is called transitive closure of the graph.
- The graph is given in the form of the adjacency matrix, say A[u][v], where A[u][v] is 1 iff there is an edge from vertex u to v, otherwise 0.
2.https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transitive_closure
3.Introduction to Algorithms by Clifford Stein, Thomas H. Cormen, Charles E. Leiserson, Ronald L.
Lesson
Graphs
Subject
Computer Engineering
Grade
Engineering
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