Different Level of BSL

Unique Practices of BSL-2

• All folks entering the laboratory should be recommended of the potential risks and meet unique access/exit necessities.
• Laboratory employees must be supplied medical surveillance, as appropriate, and supplied available immunizations for dealers treated or doubtlessly gift in the laboratory.
• Each group ought to bear in mind the want for collection and storage of serum samples from at-hazard personnel.
• A laboratory-precise biosafety manual must be organized and followed as coverage. The biosafety manual ought to be to be had and handy.
• The laboratory manager needs to make certain that laboratory employees reveal talent in well known and special microbiological practices before running with BSL-2 dealers.
• Doubtlessly infectious substances need to be positioned in a durable, leak-proof field at some stage in series, dealing with, processing, garage, or shipping inside a facility.
• Laboratory device should be routinely decontaminated, as well as, after spills, splashes, or different ability contamination.
• Spills regarding infectious substances need to be contained, decontaminated and cleaned up by way of the body of workers properly trained and ready to paintings with the infectious cloth.
• Equipment should be decontaminated earlier than restore, renovation, or removal from the laboratory.
• Incidents which can bring about publicity to infectious substances need to be at once evaluated and treated in line with techniques described in the laboratory biosafety guide. All such incidents need to be mentioned to the laboratory supervisor. medical evaluation, surveillance, and treatment must be supplied and appropriate statistics maintained.
• Animal and plant life no longer associated with the work being accomplished need to now not be accredited in the laboratory.
• All methods concerning the manipulation of infectious materials that could generate an aerosol must be conducted inside a BSC or different bodily containment devices.

Biosafety level 3

Biosafety level three is applicable to clinical, diagnostic, teaching, studies, or manufacturing facilities wherein paintings is performed with indigenous or special retailers that could cause severe or doubtlessly lethal ailment thru the inhalation path of publicity. Laboratory personnel need to get hold of precise education in coping with pathogenic and probably deadly agents , and must be supervised by way of scientists competent in coping with infectious agents and associated methods. All tactics regarding the manipulation of infectious substances should be conducted within BSCs or different bodily containment devices. A BSL-3 laboratory has unique engineering and design features. The subsequent preferred and unique protection practices, system, and facility requirements practice to BSL-3.

Microbiological Practices

• The laboratory manager should implement the institutional policies that manage get right of entry to the laboratory.Laboratory Biosafety level standards: BSL-3
• People should wash their arms after working with potentially dangerous substances and earlier than leaving the laboratory.
• Ingesting, drinking, smoking, coping with contact lenses, making use of cosmetics, and storing food for human consumption should not be authorized in laboratory areas. Meals need to be stored outdoor the laboratory region in shelves or refrigerators designated and used for this cause.
• Mouth pipetting is illegitimate; mechanical pipetting gadgets ought to be used.
• Guidelines for the safe managing of sharps, inclusive of needles, scalpels, pipettes, and broken glassware ought to be developed and applied. whenever practical, laboratory supervisors ought to adopt progressed engineering and paintings practice controls that lessen the danger of sharps accidents. Precautions, consisting of those indexed below, must always be all for sharp items. These encompass:
• Careful control of needles and other sharps are of primary importance. Needles have to no longer be bent, sheared, broken, recapped, eliminated from disposable syringes, or in any other case manipulated by hand before disposal.
• Used disposable needles and syringes need to be carefully positioned in without problems positioned puncture-resistant packing containers used for sharps disposal.
• Non-disposable sharps have to be placed in a hard-walled container for delivery to a processing area for decontamination, ideally through autoclaving.
• Damaged glassware ought to now not be treated at once. As an alternative, it ought to be eliminated using a brush and dustpan, tongs, or forceps. Plastic ware should be substituted for glassware whenever possible.
• Perform all techniques to minimize the introduction of splashes and/or aerosols.
• Decontaminate work surfaces after a final touch of work and after any spill or splash of probably infectious fabric with appropriate disinfectant.
• Decontaminate all cultures, shares, and different probably infectious materials earlier than disposal the use of a powerful technique. A method for decontaminating all laboratory wastes need to be to be had in the facility, preferably within the laboratory (e.g., autoclave, chemical disinfection, incineration, or different demonstrated decontamination technique). Relying on wherein the decontamination might be executed, the following strategies have to be used previously to transport:
• Substances to be decontaminated out of doors of the instant laboratory have to be placed in a long lasting, leak proof container and secured for transport.
• Substances to be eliminated from the ability for decontamination must be packed according to with a relevant neighborhood, nation, and federal policies.
• A sign incorporating the widespread biohazard image need to be posted at the entrance to the laboratory when infectious agents are present. Posted records must include the laboratory’s biosafety stage, the supervisor’s name (or different accountable employees), telephone quantity, and required tactics for entering and exiting the laboratory. Agent information must be posted according to with the institutional policy.
• An effectively incorporated pest control application is needed.
• The laboratory manager has to make certain that laboratory employees get hold of suitable training regarding their obligations, the important precautions to prevent exposures, and exposure evaluation methods. Personnel should get hold of annual updates or additional training while procedural or policy modifications occur. Non-public health status may additionally effect a man or woman’s susceptibility to infection, potential to get hold of immunizations or prophylactic interventions. Therefore, all laboratory personnel and mainly ladies of childbearing age must be furnished with information concerning immune competence and conditions that may predispose them to contamination. Individuals having these conditions ought to be endorsed to self-discovery to the institution’s health care issuer for suitable counseling and guidance.

Unique Practices

• All people coming into the laboratory should be advised of the potential hazards and meet specific entry/go out necessities.
• Laboratory employees have to be supplied clinical surveillance and presented suitable immunizations for agents dealt with or probably present within the laboratory.
• Each group ought to bear in mind the need for collection and storage of serum samples from at-risk employees.
• A laboratory-unique biosafety manual should be organized and adopted as policy. The biosafety manual should be available and reachable.
• The laboratory supervisor should ensure that laboratory employees show talent in trendy and special microbiological practices earlier than working with BSL-3 agents .
• Doubtlessly infectious substances have to be located in a durable, leak-proof field during series, dealing with, processing, garage, or shipping inside a facility.
• Laboratory equipment has to be robotically decontaminated, as well as, after spills, splashes, or other capability contamination.
• Spills concerning infectious substances have to be contained, decontaminated and wiped clean up by workforce well trained and prepared to paintings with the infectious cloth.
• The system should be decontaminated before the restore, upkeep, or removal from the laboratory.
• Incidents which could result in exposure to infectious substances should be immediately evaluated and dealt with in step with strategies described in the laboratory biosafety guide. All such incidents need to be said to the laboratory manager. Medical evaluation, surveillance, and the remedy should be furnished and suitable facts maintained.
• Animals and flowers not related to the work being carried out should not be accredited within the laboratory.
• All methods related to the manipulation of infectious materials have to be performed within a BSC, or other bodily containment devices. No work area with open vessels is carried out at the bench. Whilst a manner can not be done inside a BSC, a combination of personal protective gadget and different containment devices, which includes a centrifuge protection cup or sealed rotor have to be used.

References:

D greenwood, Slack RCB and J Peutherer.Medical microbiology.2001.

JG College, AG Fraser and BP Marmion.Practical Medical microbiology.Fourteenth Edition. Churchill Livingstone, 1996.

JP Micheal, ECS Chan and NR Krieg.Microbiology.Fifth Edition. Delhi: Mcgraw-hill, 1993.

M Cheesbrugh.Medical laboratory manual for tropical countries.London, 2007.