Refining And Purification Of Metals

1.1 Separation Method

The chemical analysis depends upon the quality and integrates of the sample which may contain more than one component and may require some separation. Even pure single substance used as standard rarely exceed 99.9% purity, which still leaves possibility of 10µgm per gm of another substance (matrix) along with the substance to be analysed(analyte).

1.1.1 Classification of separation method

Some analytical techniques used in separation of components are considered to fall into the following two main groups

a) Bulk separation:-

It involves the large scale separation of one component from another. The techniques used are titration, distillation, evaporation, drying, crystallization, precipitation, ion exchange analysis, etc.

b) Instrumental separation:-

It involves the separation of amount of analyte often in the order of µgm or less. Most common instrumental techniques are chromatography like adsorption chromatography, column chromatography, ion exchange chromatography, etc

Some important techniques involved are discussed below

1.2 Ion exchange chromatography