Case work

Case work

Social case work is the primary method of social work which is a concern with adjustment or development towards more satisfying human relation to make a balancing social relation of the individual. Different resources are required such as better social and protective economic condition, better family, improve the school, housing or medical facilities. Sometimes due to certain internal or external factor, s/he fails to awhile adjust resources or existing facilities. In such situation social case workers helps him/her to find the solution of the individual client problems. Thus, social case work is one to one relationship which works in helping the individual for his/her adjustment and development.

In terms of defining social case work, different authors have given some viewpoints favoring to the process as social work is the process used by certain human welfare or social service organization to cope effectively with problems and social concerning. The aim of social case work is changing the persuading pattern of individual client life, the creation of social balance, integrate as well as enhancement of client social functioning that is acceptable by the society. Again 1922 she told that social case work is for the change of the personality of the individual for proper social adjustment. The position of social maladjustment, disorder, even failure, with which case work is a concern, entered the definition of Jarrett.

Purpose of social case work

To achieve this goal efforts are made to bring effective changes in the client’s environment or social living situations, through clarifying the clients possibly distorted perception of it or strengthening his capacities for coping with it. Its essential task is the facilitation of social relationship. According to Witmer the chief aim of social case work is that of helping people to mobilize their capacities for the solution of the problems that brought them to the attention of social agencies. The purpose of social case work is not only to help those troubled by their immediate presence but to help in such a way that its clients will from the experience be better able to meet future difficulties with the more effectively organized personal strength. Most of the writers of social work like Moffett and Hollis have emphasized that one of the main objectives of social case work is to bring about an adjustment between the individual client and his situation or environment.

The towel has purposed both a remote and more proximate purpose of social case work. According to her the ultimate and is the promotion of the welfare of the individual in the interest of society, the proximate and is the making available of certain special survives in the areas of unmet. Bowers mentioned to basic objectives, better adjustment in the social relationship of the individual and the development of individual personality. According to Perlman within the boundaries of what the client wants, his capacity and the resources of skill and material means of the agency or community, the specific goal is to help him to achieve his previous level of functioning and to promote the most effective functioning of which he is capable at this time. In general, the purpose of social case work is to help and individual client to solve his psychosocial problems in such a way so that he finds himself capable of dealing with these problems at present and also may solve in future if such problems arise. The social case work has the following objectives:

• To understand and solve the internal problems of the individual.
• To strengthen his ego power.
• Remediation of problems in social functioning.
• Prevention of problems in social functioning.
• Development of resources to enhance social functioning.
• Better adjustment in the social relationship of the individual.
• The development of individual personality.

Characteristics of social case work

• Vital relationship between people arises out of share and emotionally charged situation.
• Contain elements of acceptance and acceptation support and stimulation.
• Conscious, purposiveness and growing relationship.
• Need professional competence.
• The case worker relationship may have several therapeutic values.
• The case worker to have a relationship, reaction and part of his/her professional skill in their management.
• Relationship needs and difficulties from outside the case work situation which may disturb into and complicate the case work relationship and may have to be deal with.

Five components of case work

The process of social case work goes through certain rules and regulation such as a person with the problem come to a place where a professional representative helps him or her by a given process.

• Person

The person is a man, woman, child and third gender anyone who finds himself or herself or found to be in need of some help in some aspect of his/her socio-economic living whether the need is for the tangible provision or counsel. As he begins to receive such help is called client. The individual who comes as a client to the social agency is a person that is always stressful situation and in such situation understanding human behavior and the individual difference is important. An individual behavior is conditioned by his/her environment, experience, feelings, thinking, reaction etc. Every little movement has a meaning of its own that needs to be understood. Whether a person’s behavior is effective or not in promoting his/her well-being depends on his/ her personality structure and that need to be understood.

• Problem

The problems are those which vitally affect or are affected in persons social functioning that is social, economic, education, medical etc. The problem arises from some need or obstacle or accumulation of frustration or maladjustment and sometimes all of these together which threatens or has already attacked the adequacy of persons living situation or effectiveness of his effort to deal with it. The problems in any part of human beings living to tend of having certain change reaction that is the cause, effect and cause. Not only the internal and external aspect of society creates a problem but it also occurs either may be the cause of others. The social worker must be deal with psychosocial problems which becomes a source of maladjustment for the client.

• Place

The place to which the person comes for help with his or her problem is known a social agency. It is also called a social case work agency. The social agency is a living organism organized to being understood and changes much as other, living organism. The place is a social service agency or a social service department of another kind of human welfare agency department. It is set up to deal not with social problems at large but with human beings who are experiencing such problems in the management of their own personal life.

• Process

The process denotes its center of attention and its individualize aspect, it is a progressive transaction between the professional helper the case work and the client. It consists of a series of a problem-solving operation carried on within a meaningful end. This process is contained in its means to influence the client that he develops effectiveness in coping with his problem and or to solve the problem and its effects.

• Professionalism

1. Systematic and scientific knowledge
2. Skills, techniques, and tool
3. Social work education
4. Professional organization
5. Social approval
6. Code of ethics.