Integration

People of different caste, religion, gender, etc. who are in the marginal line of social and economic condition should be provided with educational facilities, employment opportunities and various services and opportunities in other sectors as well. If we develop the feeling of unity including people of all the community and groups equally, then it is known as integration. This note has information about integration.

Summary

People of different caste, religion, gender, etc. who are in the marginal line of social and economic condition should be provided with educational facilities, employment opportunities and various services and opportunities in other sectors as well. If we develop the feeling of unity including people of all the community and groups equally, then it is known as integration. This note has information about integration.

Things to Remember

  • Nepal is a country with various diversities. 
  • People of different caste, religion, gender, etc. who are in the marginal line of social and economic condition should be provided with educational facilities, employment opportunities and various services and opportunities in other sectors as well.
  • A nation cannot be developed until all the people of all community and groups don’t get equal opportunity and respect. 
  • All have the common feeling that “We all are Nepali and we belong to thesame country, Nepal”.

MCQs

No MCQs found.

Subjective Questions

Q1:

Factorise:

y2 - 9


Type: Long Difficulty: Easy

Show/Hide Answer
Answer: <p>Solution:</p> <p>y<sup>2</sup>-9, this expression is the difference of two squares.</p> <p>=y<sup>2</sup>-3<sup>2</sup>, which is in the form of a<sup>2</sup>-b<sup>2</sup></p> <p>=(y+3)(y-3)</p>

Q2:

Factorise:

4y2 - 366

 


Type: Long Difficulty: Easy

Show/Hide Answer
Answer: <p>Solution:</p> <p>In 4y<sup>2</sup>-36<sup>6</sup>, there is a common factor of 4y<sup>2</sup> that can be factored out first in this problem, to make the problem easier.</p> <p>4y<sup>2</sup>- 36y<sup>6</sup></p> <p>= 4y<sup>2</sup>(1 - 9y<sup>4</sup>)</p> <p>= 4y<sup>2</sup>{(1)<sup>2</sup>- (3y<sup>2</sup>)<sup>2</sup>}</p> <p>= 4y<sup>2</sup>(1 + 3y<sup>2</sup>)(1 - 3y<sup>2</sup>)</p>

Q3:

Factorise: 6x+3

 

 


Type: Short Difficulty: Easy

Show/Hide Answer
Answer: <p>Solution:</p> <p>Given expression =6x+3</p> <p>= 2.3.x + 3</p> <p>= 3(2x+1) [3 is common in both]</p> <p></p>

Q4:

Factorise: x2+4x

 


Type: Short Difficulty: Easy

Show/Hide Answer
Answer: <p>Solution:</p> <p>Given expression =x<sup>2</sup>+4x</p> <p>=x. x+4. x</p> <p>=x(x+4) [x is common in both]</p>

Q5:

Factorise: 12a+3b


Type: Short Difficulty: Easy

Show/Hide Answer
Answer: <p>Solution:</p> <p>Given expression =12a+3 b</p> <p>=4.3. a + 3.b</p> <p>=3(4a+b) [ 3 is common in both]</p>

Q6:

Factorise: x+x3

 


Type: Short Difficulty: Easy

Show/Hide Answer
Answer: <p>Solution:</p> <p>Here,</p> <p>Given expression =x+x<sup>3</sup></p> <p>=x+x . x.x</p> <p>=x(1+x<sup>2</sup>) [x is common in both]</p>

Q7:

Factorise: 12x2+xy+xz


Type: Short Difficulty: Easy

Show/Hide Answer
Answer: <p>Solution:</p> <p>Here,</p> <p>Given expression =12x<sup>2</sup>+xy+xz</p> <p>=2.2.3.x.x+x.y+x.z</p> <p>=x(12x + y + z) [ x is common in all]</p>

Q8:

Factorise: 14xy+7y


Type: Short Difficulty: Easy

Show/Hide Answer
Answer: <p>Solution:</p> <p>Here,</p> <p>Given expression =14xy+7y</p> <p>=2.7.x.y+7.y</p> <p>=7y(2x+1) [ 7y is common in both]</p>

Q9:

Factor the following trinomials.

9a2+24ab+16b2


Type: Long Difficulty: Easy

Show/Hide Answer
Answer: <p>Solution:</p> <p>9a<sup>2</sup>+24ab+16b<sup>2</sup></p> <p>Since 24 =2&times;3&times;4 and 9=3<sup>2</sup>,16=4<sup>2</sup>,</p> <p>9a<sup>2</sup>+24ab+16b<sup>2</sup>=(3a)<sup>2</sup>+2.3a.4b+(4b)<sup>2</sup></p> <p> =(3a)<sup>2</sup>+2.3a.4b+(4b)<sup>2</sup></p> <p> =(3a+4b)<sup>2</sup></p> <p></p>

Q10:

Factor the trinomials.

25a2-80a+64


Type: Long Difficulty: Easy

Show/Hide Answer
Answer: <p>Solution:</p> <p>25a<sup>2</sup>-80a+64</p> <p>Since 80=2&times;5&times;8, 25=5<sup>2</sup> and 64=8<sup>2</sup>,</p> <p>25a<sup>2</sup>-80a+64=(5a)<sup>2</sup>-2.5a.8+(8)<sup>2</sup></p> <p>= (5a-8)<sup>2</sup></p>

Q11:

Factorise:

x2+5x+6

 


Type: Long Difficulty: Easy

Show/Hide Answer
Answer: <p>Solution:</p> <p>Comparing x<sup>2</sup>+5x+6 with x<sup>2</sup>+(a+b) x+ab we get,</p> <p>a+b =5 and ab=6</p> <p>So, 3+2=5 and 3&times;2=6</p> <p>Hence, x<sup>2</sup>+5x+6=x<sup>2</sup>+(3+2)x+6</p> <p>=(x+3)(x+2)</p> <table width="86"><tbody><tr><td>ab=6</td> <td> <p>a+b=5</p> </td> </tr><tr><td>1&times;6=6</td> <td>1+6=7</td> </tr><tr><td>2&times;3=6</td> <td>2+3=5</td> </tr></tbody></table><p></p>

Q12:

Factorise:

a2+7a-18


Type: Long Difficulty: Easy

Show/Hide Answer
Answer: <p>Solution:</p> <p>For a<sup>2</sup>+7a-18, two numbers whose difference is 7 and product-18 are 9 and -2</p> <p>Hence, a<sup>2</sup>+7a-18=a<sup>2</sup>+(9-2)a-18</p> <p>= (a+9)(a-2)</p>

Q13:

Factorise:

b2-7b-18


Type: Long Difficulty: Easy

Show/Hide Answer
Answer: <p>Solution:</p> <p>For b<sup>2</sup>-7b-18, two numbers whose sum is -7 and product -18 are -9 and 2</p> <p>Hence, b<sup>2</sup>-7b-18</p> <p>=b<sup>2</sup>(-9+2)b-18</p> <p>= (b-9)(b+2)</p>

Q14:

Factor 

64x3+125


Type: Long Difficulty: Easy

Show/Hide Answer
Answer: <p>Solution:</p> <p>64x<sup>3</sup>+125=(4x)<sup>3</sup>+5<sup>3</sup></p> <p>=(4x+5)[(4x)<sup>2</sup>-4x.5+5<sup>2</sup>]</p> <p>=(4x+5)(16x<sup>2</sup>-20x+25)</p>

Q15:

Factor:

3a3-81


Type: Long Difficulty: Easy

Show/Hide Answer
Answer: <p>Solution:</p> <p>3a<sup>3</sup>-81=3(a<sup>3</sup>-27)</p> <p> =3(a<sup>3</sup>-3<sup>3</sup>)</p> <p> =3(a-3)(a<sup>2</sup>+3a+9)</p>

Q16:

Factorise:

x2-7x=12


Type: Long Difficulty: Easy

Show/Hide Answer
Answer: <p>Solution:</p> <p>Comparingx<sup>2</sup>-7x=12 with x<sup>2</sup>-(a+b) x+ab we get,</p> <p> a+b=7 and ab =12</p> <p>So, 4+3=7 and 4&times;3=12</p> <p>Hence, x<sup>2</sup>-7x+12=x<sup>2</sup>-(4+3) x+12</p> <p> =x<sup>2</sup>+(-4-3)x + 12</p> <p> = (x-4)(x-3) </p> <table width="74"><tbody><tr><td>ab=12</td> <td>a+b=7</td> </tr><tr><td>12&times;1=12</td> <td>12+1=13</td> </tr><tr><td>6&times;2=12</td> <td>6+2=8</td> </tr><tr><td>4&times;3=12</td> <td>4+3=7</td> </tr><tr><td></td> <td></td> </tr></tbody></table>

Q17:

Factorise the following by taking common:

x2+3x+xy+3y     


Type: Long Difficulty: Easy

Show/Hide Answer
Answer: <p>Solution:</p> <p>Here givenx<sup>2</sup>+3x+xy+3y</p> <p>=x(x+3)+y(x+3)</p> <p>=(x+3)(x+y) Ans.</p>

Q18:

Using a2-b2 formula,  factorise the following:

x2-4


Type: Short Difficulty: Easy

Show/Hide Answer
Answer: <p>Solution:</p> <p>Here,</p> <p>x<sup>2</sup>- 4</p> <p>=(x)<sup>2</sup>-(2)<sup>2</sup></p> <p>=(x-2)(x+2) [\(\therefore\)a<sup>2</sup>-b<sup>2</sup>=(a+b)(a-b)]</p>

Q19:

Using a2-b2 formula,  factorise the following:

9x2-y2

 


Type: Short Difficulty: Easy

Show/Hide Answer
Answer: <p>Solution:</p> <p>Here,</p> <p>Given = 9x<sup>2</sup>-y<sup>2</sup></p> <p>=(3x)<sup>2</sup>-(y)<sup>2</sup></p> <p>=(3x+y)(3x-y)</p>

Q20:

Using a2-b2 formula,  factorise the following:

121-25y2

 


Type: Short Difficulty: Easy

Show/Hide Answer
Answer: <p>Solution:</p> <p>Given = 121-25y<sup>2</sup></p> <p>= (11)<sup>2</sup>-(5y)<sup>2</sup></p> <p>= (11+5y)(11-5y)</p>

Q21:

Factorize the algebraic expression of the form x2 + px + q:

x2 - 7x + 12


Type: Short Difficulty: Easy

Show/Hide Answer
Answer: <p>Solution:</p> <p>The given expression is x<sup>2</sup> - 7x + 12<br><br>Find two numbers whose sum = -7 and product = 12<br><br>Clearly, such numbers are (-4) and (-3). <br><br>Now, x<sup>2</sup> - 7x + 12</p> <p>= x<sup>2</sup> - 4x - 3x + 12</p> <p>= x(x - 4) -3 (x - 4)<br><br> = (x - 4)(x - 3)</p>

Q22:

Factorize the algebraic expression of the form ax2 + bx + c:

15x2 - 26x + 8


Type: Long Difficulty: Easy

Show/Hide Answer
Answer: <p>Solution: <br><br>The given expression is 15x<sup>2</sup> - 26x + 8. <br><br>Find two numbers whose sum = -26 and product = (15 &times; 8) = 120. <br><br>Clearly, such numbers are -20 and -6. <br><br>Here, 15x<sup>2</sup> - 26x + 8</p> <p>= 15x<sup>2</sup> - 20x - 6x + 8</p> <p>= 5x(3x - 4) - 2(3x - 4)<br><br> = (3x - 4)(5x - 2)</p>

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Integration

Integration

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Nepal is a country with various diversities. According to ecological diversity, Nepal, is divided into three different regions. They are mountain, hill and Terai. The environment and habitat differ along with this diversification. People living in different regions have their own lifestyle, culture, traditions, norms and values that are different from the culture and lifestyle of one another. Nepali society consists of the people of different religions such as Hindu, Buddhist, Islam and Christian. Though people of different religion and castes who follow different religion, customs, traditions, norms, values, etc. are here but they are living in peace and harmony, but they reveals a similar identity of being a Nepali. All the Nepalese have the feeling of brotherhood and thus, they don’t make anyone to feel that they are dominated or humiliated. All have the common feeling that “We all are Nepali and we belong to the same country, Nepal”. To raise the feeling of unity in diversity and the feeling of brotherhood is the duty of both Nepalese and the nation as well.

People of different caste, religion, gender, etc. who are in the marginal line of social and economic condition should be provided with educational facilities, employment opportunities and various services and opportunities in other sectors as well. If we develop the feeling of unity including people of all the community and groups equally, then it is known as integration. All the people should get equal opportunities. A nation cannot be developed until all the people of all community and groups don’t get equal opportunity and respect. The nation should also look after the people of the marginalized community who are socially, economically backward. If all the people are equally treated, then only inclusiveness is possible.

To increase the participation of backward citizens nation can implement give points in its laws:

  1. Every aspect of national governance should include proportional representation.
  2. Increase participation in education, health, and occupational development.
  3. Decision-making level should have representatives from the backward population.
  4. Every citizen should be respected for his/her religion, caste, creed and gender.
  5. Religious tolerance should be increased.
  6. Access to law should be equal to every citizen.
  7. Every citizen must be incorporated, in any area, for the development of infrastructure.

Lesson

Civic Sense

Subject

Social Studies and Population Education

Grade

Grade 8

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