Lever

A lever is a simple machine. It consists of a rigid bar which is free to turn about a fixed point called fulcrum. There are three types of lever depending upon the position of load, effort and fulcrum. This note provides us with the information about lever, its use in practical life and types of lever with examples.

Summary

A lever is a simple machine. It consists of a rigid bar which is free to turn about a fixed point called fulcrum. There are three types of lever depending upon the position of load, effort and fulcrum. This note provides us with the information about lever, its use in practical life and types of lever with examples.

Things to Remember

  • lever is a rigid bar, which is capable of rotating about a fixed point called fulcrum.
  • The types of lever are First class lever, Second class lever, Third class lever.

MCQs

No MCQs found.

Subjective Questions

Q1:

Write an application to your principal about 3 days sick leave.


Type: Long Difficulty: Easy

Show/Hide Answer
Answer: <p>24<sup>th</sup> May, 2006</p> <p>The Principal, Kathmandu International School,</p> <p>Mitrapark, Kathmandu.</p> <p><strong>Re &ndash; Application for 3 days sick leave</strong></p> <p>Dear Sir,</p> <p>Most respectfully, I would like to request you to grant me 3 days sick leave from 21<sup>st</sup> May to 23<sup>rd</sup> May, 2006 because of my sickness.</p> <p>I was suffered from influenza; the doctor of Kanti Hospital examined me. He diagnosed me and gave me medicine, he suggested me 3 days rest too. It was needed to have a rest because influenza is infectious to others. After getting speedy recovery, I shall be able to attend my class from 24<sup>th</sup> May. I&rsquo;m sorry to say that still I am unable to attend my special classes for a few days.</p> <p>Finally, I would like to request you to consider my application sympathetically and grant me 3 days sick leave. I&rsquo;ll try my best to be regular in my class, complete my homework and studies consulting my classmates.</p> <p>Thanks.</p> <p>Yours faithfully,</p> <p>Meena Shrestha.</p>

Q2:

Write an application to the head of school management for scholarship.

Tips:

  • You have a poor family, less earning.
  • You are suggested to join a carpet industry to maintain the family.
  • You’re studious, disciplined student and always securing good marks and holding 1st
  • You won many prizes in extra- activities.
  • Zeal to study.
  • You have been winning scholarship regularly and because of it you’ve been able to continue your studies.

Type: Long Difficulty: Easy

Show/Hide Answer
Answer: <p>May 30, 2006</p> <p>The Principal, Kathmandu International School,</p> <p>Mitrapark, Kathmandu.</p> <p><strong>Re &ndash; Application for scholarship.</strong></p> <p>Dear Sir,</p> <p>In the response to the notice which was notified dated 10<sup>th</sup> Jestha, I&rsquo;d like to present myself as the most deserving, competent, suitable and needy applicant for the scholarship.</p> <p>Or</p> <p>I present myself as a competent, deserving and the most needy application for the scholarship which was advertised in the notice board dated 10<sup>th</sup> Jestha, 2063.</p> <p>I&rsquo;m a good student of my class. I&rsquo;m the first position holder and I also won many prizes in many extracurricular activities. I always proved myself as a bonifide, discipline, studious student of the chool. I won best disciplined student award thrice in the school. It was not possible to continue my studies if I hadn&rsquo;t won the scholarship continuously in the school. I&rsquo;m living in a large family where only my father earns and maintains the expenses of the family. My father earns Rs. 4000 per month and it is very difficult to survive in Kathmandu with small sum of money. He advised me to join in any carpet industry so that I could support my family. In class 10, if I drop out my studies, it&rsquo;ll destroy not only my future but also the reputation of the school. I&rsquo;ve been trying my best.</p> <p>Finally, once again I&rsquo;d like to request you to grant me scholarship to build my future and keep the reputation of the school. If I &lsquo;m selected, I will not leave any stone unturned to satisfy you. I shall be grateful and obliged if you give me opportunity to continue my study.</p> <p>I look forward to getting positive response.</p> <p>Thanks.</p> <p>Yours Obediently,</p> <p>Rajan Yawli.</p>

Q3:

Write an application to the principal on the basis of the following points on the behalf of class X for an educational tour to Pokhara.

Tips:

  • Collected Rs. 1000 each.
  • Money is not enough, so provide bus and teacher including a lady teacher.
  • The expenses of diesel will be made by them.
  • It is part of education and beneficial to social study, health.
  • Practical work of the school.
  • Pokhara lies in the lap of Machhapuchhre and background of Annapurna.
  • Beautiful spot, Gurung culture, rushing Seti river, Mahendra cave, Fewa, Begnas lake.

Type: Long Difficulty: Easy

Show/Hide Answer
Answer: <p>5<sup>th</sup> June, 2006</p> <p>The Principal,</p> <p>Kathmandu Int&rsquo;l School,</p> <p>Mitrapark, Chabahil.</p> <p><strong>Re &ndash; Application for an educational tour</strong></p> <p>Dear Sir,</p> <p>We&rsquo;d like to kindly request you to permit us for an educational tour to Pokhara on 7<sup>th</sup> Ashar, 2063. The programme is scheduled for 3 days.</p> <p>We collected Rs. 1000 each to meet the expenses of our tour. What amount is collected is seemed not enough to meet the expenses. Two night expenses at hotel to pay food and bus fare is not enough. If school bus is provided, it&rsquo;ll be easy for us to meet the expenses. We&rsquo;d like to request you to manage 2 teachers so that our tour can be made successful.</p> <p>An educational tour is a part of our study. Practical knowledge can be achieved only through such a tour. We can see and learn about rushing the Seti River, experience boating in Fewa Lake, and students will be fascinated by the snow clad Machhapuchhre. Besides these, we can learn lifestyle of Gurung and their culture. We all the students are told by social studies teacher to write a report on our educational tour.</p> <p>Finally, once again, you are kindly requested to allow us to visit Pokhara. If you permit to visit and help to manage school bus along with two teachers, we&rsquo;d be obliged and grateful.</p> <p>We look forward to getting positive response.</p> <p>Yours obediently,</p> <p>Sajan Shrestha</p> <p>Class Captain</p>

Q4:

Write an application to the principal to give up all your bad habits and you’re going to concentrate in studies with all your power.


Type: Long Difficulty: Easy

Show/Hide Answer
Answer: <p>6<sup>th</sup> June, 2006</p> <p>The Principal,</p> <p>Kathmandu International School,</p> <p>Mitrapark, Chabahil.</p> <p><strong>Re &ndash; An application for realization of bad activities.</strong></p> <p>Dear Sir,</p> <p>With sincere respect, I&rsquo;d like to assure you that from today onwards, I&rsquo;m giving up all my bad activities that I did till yesterday.</p> <p>Due to my bad company, I was indulged in wrong activities like bunking the class, eating junk food etc. I even disobeyed my teachers and captains. I was very irregular in my class and not attentive in class too. I never used to do my homework and frighten others and made them do my homework. Many times I spilt my anger by kicking the dustbin and misuse duster and chalk. I was even at the stage to take intoxicating substances too.</p> <p>But, I think it the mercy of god that my eyes were opened by you before my life became worthless. I never thought twice about the words told by my parents, teachers and friends. But now I&rsquo;ve realized my bad activities and I am regretting a lot. I&rsquo;ve missed a lot of my time. As time and tide waits for none, I can&rsquo;t get back to the past but I want to utilize the best of my time and start a new life with enthusiasm.</p> <p>Finally, I hope you will guide me well and help me out of my bad activities to be a good student and do better.</p> <p>I am looking forward to hear you soon.</p> <p>Yours obediently,</p> <p>Meena Shrestha</p>

Q5:

Write an application to the director in the P.O.B. 007 for the post of an English teacher.


Type: Long Difficulty: Easy

Show/Hide Answer
Answer: <p>Dakshinamurti Marg,</p> <p>Mitrapark, Kathmandu.</p> <p>7<sup>th</sup> June, 2006</p> <p>The Director</p> <p>P.O.B. 007</p> <p><strong>Re &ndash; An application for the post of an English teacher.</strong></p> <p>Dear Sir,</p> <p>I would like to apply for the post of an English teacher as an experienced, competent candidate which was advertised in The Rising Nepal dated 7<sup>th</sup> Jestha, 2063.</p> <p>I&rsquo;m 30 years old with sound physique and health. I passed S.L.C. in the 1<sup>st</sup> division, I.A. to M.A. too from TU with major English. I never stood 2<sup>nd</sup> throughout my student life. Work is worship for me. I&rsquo;m active, energetic, dedicated, responsible and dutiful teacher. I also did 6 months diploma course in computer. I was good player of T.T., football, volleyball during my school life. I won many prizes in debate, speech and IQ test. Once I was declared as champion in South Asia in G.K.</p> <p>As far as my experience is concerned. I have worked in many schools as an English Teacher for 5 years. I&rsquo;ve been working in Galaxy Public School. As I heard about you and your reputation where qualified person are always encouraged, guided under your wise leadership and management. Hearing the fact, I couldn&rsquo;t stop myself without writing application. It&rsquo;s the right place where I can develop my personality and student can also be benefitted. If I&rsquo;m selected, I&rsquo;ll work with my heart and obviously I won&rsquo;t leave any stone unturned. I&rsquo;d like to assure you that my experience and qualification can be useful every your +2. I&rsquo;m keenly interested to work where teachers are worshipped and respected. I&rsquo;m ready to work whatever salary is provided according to the rule of the school.</p> <p>Reference can be obtained from:</p> <ol><li>The Campus Chief, Kritipur Multiple Campus &ndash; 4484082</li> <li>The Principal, Galaxy Public School &ndash; 4484083</li> </ol><p>Finally, Xerox copy of my certificates, citizenship, bio-data and testimonials are attached with the application.</p> <p>I&rsquo;m ready to present all my documents if I&rsquo;m called for an interview.</p> <p>I look forward to hearing you soon.</p> <p>Yours sincerely,</p> <p>Meena Shrestha</p>

Q6:

Write an application in the board of director for the post of principal who has to work in the distant district. The ad was advertised in The Rising Nepal dated 10th Falgun.


Type: Long Difficulty: Easy

Show/Hide Answer
Answer: <p>Dakshinamurti Marg,</p> <p>Mitrapark, Kathmandu.</p> <p>19<sup>th</sup> Falgun, 2063</p> <p>The Board of Director,</p> <p>&hellip;&hellip;&hellip;&hellip;&hellip;&hellip;&hellip;&hellip;&hellip;&hellip;&hellip;&hellip;&hellip;</p> <p><strong>Re &ndash; An application for the post of principal</strong></p> <p>Sir,</p> <p>I would like to apply for the post of principal as a competent and deserving candidate, in response to the advertisement published in The Rising Nepal dated 10<sup>th</sup> Falgun.</p> <p>I am 32 years old with sound physique and health. I have passed my graduation from K.U. I am sportive and have won the national prize in table tennis. I have also bagged medals and acquired black belt in karate. I have won many prizes in quiz, speech and debate contests too. I also have taken 3 years teaching training and I am good at using computer too.</p> <p>As far as my experience is concerned, I have been working as a Vice Principal in Vishow Niketan School for five years and a lecturer in Padma Kanya Campus for four years. My students were never indiscipline and till the date many of them have been board toppers.</p> <p>As I heard about your board of directors, I would like to work under your direction where I can develop my confidence and leadership. Reference can be obtained from:</p> <ol><li>Bhupati Dhamala <br> K.U.<br> Phone: 4486842</li> <li>Mohan Shrestha<br> St. Xaviers<br> Phone: 4481102</li> </ol><p>I was present my other related documents if called for an interview. I&rsquo;d accept any salary as per your rule.</p> <p>I look forward to hearing you soon.</p> <p>Yours sincerely</p> <p>Meena Shrestha</p>

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Lever

Lever

A lever is a simple machine. It consists of a rigid bar which is free to turn about a fixed point called fulcrum. The weight to be lifted is the load and the force applied to the bar is called effort. The distance of the load from the fulcrum is called the load arm and the distance of effort from the fulcrum is called the effort arm.

There are three types of lever depending upon the position of the load, effort, and fulcrum. These are

  1. First class lever
  2. Second class lever
  3. Third class lever

First class lever

A first class lever is one in which the fulcrum lies anywhere between the effort and load. Examples: Crowbar, seesaw, scissors, pliers, beam balance, the handle of water pump, etc.

Second class lever

A second-class lever is one in which the load is between the effort and fulcrum.

Examples: Wheelbarrow, nutcracker, bottle opener, oar of a rowboat, etc.

Third class lever

A third class lever is one in which the effort is between the load and the fulcrum

Examples: shovel, sugar tongs, finger nut cutter, tweezers, human forearm, fork, fishing rod, etc.

Lesson

Simple Machine

Subject

Science

Grade

Grade 8

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