Office Resources
Office resources are the inputs which are the means for obtaining outputs. The office resources are manpower, materials, and sources of income, means of transportation and means of communication. This note has information about office resources.
Summary
Office resources are the inputs which are the means for obtaining outputs. The office resources are manpower, materials, and sources of income, means of transportation and means of communication. This note has information about office resources.
Things to Remember
- Office resources are the inputs which are the means for obtaining outputs.
- The office resources are manpower, materials, and sources of income, means of transportation and means of communication.
- The office resources are necessary to perform all types of manufacturing, administrative, selling and distribution activities of the organization.
- The office resources are basic for producing qualitative products and services.
MCQs
No MCQs found.
Subjective Questions
Q1:
Define an enterprise.
Type: Short Difficulty: Easy
Show/Hide Answer
Answer: <p>Any business firm, company or concern investing resources in some economic activities for profit motive is called an enterprise.</p>
Q2:
What are the five main M's of the enterprise?
Type: Short Difficulty: Easy
Show/Hide Answer
Answer: <p>The five main M’s of the enterprise are man, material, money, method, and management.</p>
Q3:
Explain enterprises which are based on capital.
Type: Long Difficulty: Easy
Show/Hide Answer
Answer: <p>The enterprises which are based on capital are listed and explained below:</p>
<p><strong>Microenterprises:</strong> The micro-enterprises are the industries which generally have capital investment up to 200,000 and are based on local resources.</p>
<p><strong>Cottage industries:</strong> This is another type of industry which is based on local skill and resources. Here, in these cottage industries, there is no limitation of the investment of capital. This industry is very suitable and easy for the local people. Some of the examples of cottage industries are handicraft, carpet, Pashmina etc.</p>
<p><strong>Small scale industries:</strong> This is another enterprise which has capital investment up to Rs 50,000,000. It is larger than microenterprises and cottage industries.</p>
<p><strong>Medium scale industries: </strong>This is another type of enterprise which includes the industries which have investment more than 5 crores but less than 15 crores. This industry is larger than small scale industries.</p>
<p><strong>Large scale industries: </strong>These industries have the capital investment of more than 15 crores. This is the largest industry among the industries in enterprises.</p>
<p><strong>Microenterprises:</strong> The micro-enterprises are the industries which generally have capital investment up to 200,000 and are based on local resources.</p>
<p><strong>Cottage industries:</strong> This is another type of industry which is based on local skill and resources. Here, in these cottage industries, there is no limitation of the investment of capital. This industry is very suitable and easy for the local people. Some of the examples of cottage industries are handicraft, carpet, Pashmina etc.</p>
<p><strong>Small scale industries:</strong> This is another enterprise which has capital investment up to Rs 50,000,000. It is larger than microenterprises and cottage industries.</p>
<p><strong>Medium scale industries: </strong>This is another type of enterprise which includes the industries which have investment more than 5 crores but less than 15 crores. This industry is larger than small scale industries.</p>
<p><strong>Large scale industries: </strong>These industries have the capital investment of more than 15 crores. This is the largest industry among the industries in enterprises.</p>
Q4:
Explain the types of enterprises based on the nature of works.
Type: Long Difficulty: Easy
Show/Hide Answer
Answer: <p>Enterprises can be divided into two categories based on the nature of works:</p>
<ul>
<li>Services oriented enterprises</li>
<li>Production oriented enterprises</li>
</ul>
<p><strong>Services oriented enterprises: </strong>This is a type of enterprise that provides specific services to the people and the society. Some of the examples of service oriented enterprises are health services, teaching, telecommunication services etc. This enterprise provides quality services to the people and make profit.</p>
<p><strong>Production oriented enterprises:</strong> This is another type of enterprises which manufacture intermediary or finished goods. It performs activities like vegetable farming, knitting, weaving, shoe making etc. It makes profit by supplying those goods to the market.</p>
<ul>
<li>Services oriented enterprises</li>
<li>Production oriented enterprises</li>
</ul>
<p><strong>Services oriented enterprises: </strong>This is a type of enterprise that provides specific services to the people and the society. Some of the examples of service oriented enterprises are health services, teaching, telecommunication services etc. This enterprise provides quality services to the people and make profit.</p>
<p><strong>Production oriented enterprises:</strong> This is another type of enterprises which manufacture intermediary or finished goods. It performs activities like vegetable farming, knitting, weaving, shoe making etc. It makes profit by supplying those goods to the market.</p>
Q5:
Write a short note on possible enterprises at the local level.
Type: Short Difficulty: Easy
Show/Hide Answer
Answer: <p>Possible enterprises at the local level :</p>
<p>Local people have the potentiality to do different kinds of activities and are engaged in income generating activities. But, the local people can't invest a big amount of money for their businesses. For that kind of local people, small and cottage industries are very suitable.</p>
<p>Local people have the potentiality to do different kinds of activities and are engaged in income generating activities. But, the local people can't invest a big amount of money for their businesses. For that kind of local people, small and cottage industries are very suitable.</p>
Q6:
Give some reasons for the preference of micro enterprises and cottage industries.
Type: Short Difficulty: Easy
Show/Hide Answer
Answer: <p>Reasons for the preference of micro enterprises and cottage industries are as follows:</p>
<ul>
<li>For operating their works, small space can be enough.</li>
<li>Family members without additional labour can run that kind of industries.</li>
<li>The local market channel is used as sales outlets.</li>
<li>A small investment can start cottage industry and small industry.</li>
<li>Local resources can be used as raw materials for industries.</li>
<li>Best suited enterprises at the local level.</li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li>For operating their works, small space can be enough.</li>
<li>Family members without additional labour can run that kind of industries.</li>
<li>The local market channel is used as sales outlets.</li>
<li>A small investment can start cottage industry and small industry.</li>
<li>Local resources can be used as raw materials for industries.</li>
<li>Best suited enterprises at the local level.</li>
</ul>
Q7:
What are the best-suited enterprises at the local level?
Type: Long Difficulty: Easy
Show/Hide Answer
Answer: <p>Some of the enterprises based on local resources and indigenous skills are listed and explained below:</p>
<p><strong>Agro based:</strong> Livestock, Poultry farming, Beekeeping, Fishery, Nursery, Tea growing, Herbs farming, Vegetable farming, Cash crops farming belong to this category.</p>
<p><strong>Agro-processing:</strong> In this category, dairy industries, jam, jelly, squash, napkin industries etc. can be placed.</p>
<p><strong>Nontimber forest production:</strong> This enterprise is based on bamboos, canes, fibers and herbal sanitary products. Herbal medicines, incense sticks etc. are in this category.</p>
<p><strong>Culture and traditional knowledge based: </strong>Wooden crafts, Stonecrafts, Nepali paper crafts, metal crafts, painting, hosiery, pashmina, carpet etc. are in this category.</p>
<p><strong>Service oriented: </strong>Repairing of tools and equipment, tailoring, Aran, tea-shops, material and food services, tourist guides, health services are the services industry in this category.</p>
<p><strong>Agro based:</strong> Livestock, Poultry farming, Beekeeping, Fishery, Nursery, Tea growing, Herbs farming, Vegetable farming, Cash crops farming belong to this category.</p>
<p><strong>Agro-processing:</strong> In this category, dairy industries, jam, jelly, squash, napkin industries etc. can be placed.</p>
<p><strong>Nontimber forest production:</strong> This enterprise is based on bamboos, canes, fibers and herbal sanitary products. Herbal medicines, incense sticks etc. are in this category.</p>
<p><strong>Culture and traditional knowledge based: </strong>Wooden crafts, Stonecrafts, Nepali paper crafts, metal crafts, painting, hosiery, pashmina, carpet etc. are in this category.</p>
<p><strong>Service oriented: </strong>Repairing of tools and equipment, tailoring, Aran, tea-shops, material and food services, tourist guides, health services are the services industry in this category.</p>
Q8:
What is a business plan?
Type: Short Difficulty: Easy
Show/Hide Answer
Answer: <p>The formal document which contains the detailed information required about the business before starting the business is known as a business plan.</p>
Q9:
What are the basic elements of a business plan ?
Type: Long Difficulty: Easy
Show/Hide Answer
Answer: <p>Some of the basic elements of a business plan are as follows:</p>
<p><strong>1. Raw materials:</strong> The volume, types, source, quantity, and cost required for the enterprise.</p>
<p><strong>2. Location:</strong> Transportation, supplies, power, availability of water, labors etc.</p>
<p><strong>3. Background/context:</strong> Objective and importance of the business.</p>
<p><strong>4. Machinery and equipment: </strong>Their sources, quality, quantity, name.</p>
<p><strong>5. Market:</strong> A business plan should reflect the potential marketplaces for the produced goods from the enterprise.</p>
<p><strong>6. Investment capital:</strong> What amount of money has to be invested should be known in advance. The business setup cost should be assessed</p>
<p><strong>7. Profitability: </strong>Business plan should reflect annual production and turnover. Break-even, pay-back period and pricing should be calculated to get targeted profit.</p>
<p><strong>8. Quality control: </strong>Entrepreneur shouldn't compromise the quality of the produced goods to compete with other goods in the market. A business plan should address the quality .</p>
<p><strong>9. Schedule and Checklist:</strong> All the activities and tasks to be carried out for business establishment should be scheduled.</p>
<p><strong>10. Production process:</strong> Capacity, shifts, process flow should be mentioned. If the production can't meet the demand in the market it can't sustain.</p>
<p><strong>1. Raw materials:</strong> The volume, types, source, quantity, and cost required for the enterprise.</p>
<p><strong>2. Location:</strong> Transportation, supplies, power, availability of water, labors etc.</p>
<p><strong>3. Background/context:</strong> Objective and importance of the business.</p>
<p><strong>4. Machinery and equipment: </strong>Their sources, quality, quantity, name.</p>
<p><strong>5. Market:</strong> A business plan should reflect the potential marketplaces for the produced goods from the enterprise.</p>
<p><strong>6. Investment capital:</strong> What amount of money has to be invested should be known in advance. The business setup cost should be assessed</p>
<p><strong>7. Profitability: </strong>Business plan should reflect annual production and turnover. Break-even, pay-back period and pricing should be calculated to get targeted profit.</p>
<p><strong>8. Quality control: </strong>Entrepreneur shouldn't compromise the quality of the produced goods to compete with other goods in the market. A business plan should address the quality .</p>
<p><strong>9. Schedule and Checklist:</strong> All the activities and tasks to be carried out for business establishment should be scheduled.</p>
<p><strong>10. Production process:</strong> Capacity, shifts, process flow should be mentioned. If the production can't meet the demand in the market it can't sustain.</p>
Q10:
What are the aspects that should be considered in the management of an enterprise?
Type: Long Difficulty: Easy
Show/Hide Answer
Answer: <p>The aspects that should be considered in the management of an enterprise are as follows:</p>
<p><strong>Resources analysis: </strong>Are there enough resources at the local level? </p>
<p><strong>Market analysis:</strong> Where is the product or service?</p>
<p><strong>Entrepreneurship training: </strong>How can I get training? Do I have soft skills to start a business?</p>
<p><strong>Professional training:</strong> Do I or my employees have a technical idea about that business? If not, how to get training?</p>
<p><strong>Industrial relation: </strong>How can I provide maximum satisfaction to my employees?</p>
<p><strong>Market promotion :</strong> How can I promote my product and services to the consumers or users in the market?</p>
<p><strong>Access to credit:</strong> How can I find financial resources to start a business? Where and how to get micro-credit?</p>
<p><strong>Business counseling:</strong> What are the options for persons or institution to go for help when I face any difficulties in running my business?</p>
<p><strong>Compliance with rules and regulations:</strong> How can I meet formalities of Tax Office and Industry Department?</p>
<p><strong>Environment safeguard: </strong>How can I make a minimum disturbance to an environment? How to treat or where to dispose the effluents?</p>
<p><strong>Resources analysis: </strong>Are there enough resources at the local level? </p>
<p><strong>Market analysis:</strong> Where is the product or service?</p>
<p><strong>Entrepreneurship training: </strong>How can I get training? Do I have soft skills to start a business?</p>
<p><strong>Professional training:</strong> Do I or my employees have a technical idea about that business? If not, how to get training?</p>
<p><strong>Industrial relation: </strong>How can I provide maximum satisfaction to my employees?</p>
<p><strong>Market promotion :</strong> How can I promote my product and services to the consumers or users in the market?</p>
<p><strong>Access to credit:</strong> How can I find financial resources to start a business? Where and how to get micro-credit?</p>
<p><strong>Business counseling:</strong> What are the options for persons or institution to go for help when I face any difficulties in running my business?</p>
<p><strong>Compliance with rules and regulations:</strong> How can I meet formalities of Tax Office and Industry Department?</p>
<p><strong>Environment safeguard: </strong>How can I make a minimum disturbance to an environment? How to treat or where to dispose the effluents?</p>
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Office Resources
Office resources are the inputs such as manpower, materials, source of income, means of transportation and means of communication which perform all the activities of the organization for achieving its goal. Office resources are the tool which is utilized for achieving the better result of the organization.
The following is the main definition of office resources:
"Office resources refer to all those means including manpower, which support the operation of office procedures," – S.P. Arora
From the above definition, we can know that office resources are the resources that are available in the office such as men, materials, and supplies, furniture and equipment, money, means of transportation and means of communication which assist in carrying out daily operation of the organization in an effective manner.
Necessity and Importance
- It helps to perform official activities:
All types of manufacturing, administrative, selling and distribution activities of the organization are possible through office resources. So, if there are sufficient office resources then the organization can function smoothly and effectively which helps to achieve organizational objectives. - It helps to provide better products and services:
The office resources are tools for producing qualitative products and services. The quality of resources which is introduced determines the quality of product and services. Better office resources give a better result. - It helps to maximize profit:
The qualitative office resources increase the productivity and services which satisfy the customers and increases the volume of sales and maximize the profit. Effective office resources produce qualitative product at least cost with maximum profit. - It helps to save time:
Every organization needs to perform their activities within a particular time period. If the activity is completed within particular time then it will consume less cost. The official work can be done with a greater speed which saves valuable time of the employee through office resources like computer, printer, calculator and photocopy machines etc. - It helps to increase goodwill:
Modern office resources help to make outlook of the office attractive which encourage the employees, customers, and concerned parties. This creates a positive impression in the society which increases the goodwill of the organization. - It helps to minimize cost:
Effective office resources assist in producing qualitative outputs at the least cost. Proper utilization of office resources minimizes the cost of production and services.Modern office resources help to perform the official work in greater speed which saves the time of employees and cost of the materials. - It helps to increase efficiency:
In the modern office, machinery and equipment help to perform the assigned work with greater accuracy and reliability. Chances of errors are almost eliminated by using modern office equipment like computer, calculator and photocopy machine. In fact, accuracy helps increasing reliability in official works. - It helps to obtain greater output:
Every office resources should be utilized and managed properly for better results. The right use of resources increases the production and output of the organization. So, the office resources should be properly managed and utilized to obtain a greater output.
Lesson
Office Resources
Subject
Accountancy
Grade
Grade 8
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