Glacier Lake Outburst and Cyclone

Glacier Lake Outburst

The lake formed in the mountain region due to the melting of snow is called glacier lake. Some of the lakes are in solid state and some of them are in a liquid state. Due to the global warming and increase in temperature of the earth, there is an increase in the area of glacier lake due to the over melting of ice. Now also due to global warming the size of glacier lake in Nepal are increasing day by day.

Countries like Nepal, Switzerland etc are full of mountains. The problems of glacier flood are more in mountainous countries as the temperature of the earth is increasing day by day. Due to the increase in temperature of the earth, the size, and thickness of glacier lake is increasing day by day. As the area and thickness of glacier increases, there is more chance of outbursting of the glacier lake. When the glacier lake burst, the large amount of water is produced which increases the level of the river as it mixes with it. Asa result, it causes flood which destroys the human civilization and ecosystem. It causes great loss of life as well as damages the environment and the land near it. It also causes flooding of snow. Glacier lake outburst due to the earthquake , volcano etc.

Glacier lake outburst and its impact

• It causes flooding in the river.
• It destroys the life of human beings and other organisms.
• It creates obstacles in the developmental activities.
• It destroys the agricultural crops.

Cyclone

Cyclone is a spinning storm that rotates around a low-pressure center.The hurricane is the migratory tropical cyclone that originates over the ocean in certain regions, near the equator. It forms in between the region of 5 to 25 degree north and south latitude from the equator. A hurricane has the highest pressure at its margins and lowest pressure at its center.

Causes of Cyclone

It occurs in oceans of equatorial region. The equator of the earth receives the highest strength sun rays, due to which water of oceans gets heated. When the ocean water at any region gains the temperature of 26.5 ο to the depth about 50 meters, it reduces the atmospheric pressure. It is the beginning of cyclone. Due to the development of low-pressure center, when the warm saturated air prevalent in the doldrums is under run and forced upward by denser cooler air. The wind attains maximum force close to the point of lowest pressure. The wind becomes cyclone when it gains a speed of 120 km/hr.

Effects of cyclone

1. Strom-surge storm causes flood which sweeps life and property.
2. The wave formed by hurricane losses the property in the coastal region.
3. Sometimes it becomes the cause of heavy rainfall also.
4. It also causes landslides and destroys the development structures.
5. It becomes the cause of death of the number of sea animals which imbalances the sea ecosystem.

Safety measures of cyclone

The following activities are some major safety measures of hurricane:

1. The government should predict the time, direction and magnitude of the cyclone by the help of cyclone monitoring centers.
2. The structures made in the coastal region and in oceans must be strong to save the energy of cyclones.
3. Emergency shelters should be constructed near the ocean to save the life of the people.
4. Alertness should be maintained by all the stakeholders like health team, volunteers etc.
5. Public awareness should be provided about the effects of cyclones.