Chemical Properties of Carbon and It's Compounds
When carbon burns in excessive amount of oxygen, it yields carbon dioxide. Carbon is used as reducing less reactive metal oxides like oxide and zinc oxide to their corresponding metals. This note provides further information about chemical properties of carbon.
Summary
When carbon burns in excessive amount of oxygen, it yields carbon dioxide. Carbon is used as reducing less reactive metal oxides like oxide and zinc oxide to their corresponding metals. This note provides further information about chemical properties of carbon.
Things to Remember
- When carbon burns in excessive amount of oxygen, it yields carbon dioxide.
- Carbon is used as reducing less reactive metal oxides like oxide and zinc oxide to their corresponding metals.
- The branch of chemistry concerned with the compounds of carbon is termed as organic chemistry.
- The substances derived from minerals are called inorganic compounds.
- The branch of chemistry concerned with inorganic compounds other than carbon is called inorganic chemistry.
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Chemical Properties of Carbon and It's Compounds
Some of the chemical properties of carbon are given below,
Combustion: When carbon burns in the excessive amount of oxygen, it yields carbon dioxide. But, insufficient oxygen gives carbon monoxide.
C + O2 → CO2
2C + O2 → 2CO2
Reducing nature: Carbon is used as reducing less reactive metal oxides like oxide and zinc oxide to their corresponding metals.
PbO+ C → Pb + CO
Reaction with steam: (Formation of water gas) When carbon is heated with steam at about 900 - 10000 C, a mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen is produced.
900 - 1000 °C
C + H2O → CO + H2
This mixture of carbon monoxide and water is called water gas.
Reaction with metal: When carbon reacts with metal, Carbide is formed.
2C + Ca → CaC2 (Calcium carbide)
Reaction with lime: When carbon reacts with lime they react together to give calcium carbide.
3C + CaO → CaC2 + CO
Organic and inorganic compounds
It was 1828 AD that the German Chemist Friedrich Wohler prepared an organic compound i.e. urea by heating ammonium cyanate and disapproved the concept of vital force theory.
NH4CNO → NH2 - CO - NH2 (urea)
The branch of chemistry concerned with the compounds of carbon is termed as organic chemistry. Organic compounds are the compounds whose molecules contain carbon. Some of the examples of organic compounds are methane, ethane, wax, kerosene, alcohol, sugar, urea, esters etc. The substances derived from minerals are called inorganic compounds. The branch of chemistry concerned with inorganic compounds other than carbon is called inorganic chemistry. Some of the examples of inorganic compounds are hydrochloric acid, sodium chloride, sulphuric acid, potassium hydroxide, etc. Some simple carbon compounds are considered as inorganic compounds. Such compounds are carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, carbonates and bicarbonates of metals.
Difference between organic and inorganic compounds
| Organic compounds | Inorganic compounds |
| They are mostly insoluble in water. | They are mostly soluble in water. |
| They are soluble in organic solvents like wax and petrol. | They are insoluble in organic solvents like wax and petrol. |
| They burn easily. | They do not burn easily. |
| They are covalent compounds. | They are usually electrovalent compounds and sometimes covalent compounds. |
| Their composition is complex. | Their composition is simple. |
| They have low melting and boiling point. | They have high melting and boiling point. |
Lesson
Carbon and Its Compounds
Subject
Science
Grade
Grade 9
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