Electro Mechanical Computers
Mark I is the first electro-mechanical computer developed by Howard Aiken in 1937. This note provide us an information about Electro-Mechanical Computers.
Summary
Mark I is the first electro-mechanical computer developed by Howard Aiken in 1937. This note provide us an information about Electro-Mechanical Computers.
Things to Remember
- Mark-I is the first electro-mechanical computer developed by Howard Aiken in 1937.
- In 1942, J.V. Atanasoft and Clifford Berry in 1942 developed Atanasoff Berry computer.
- EDVAC was developed by John Mauchlay, John Presper Eckert with assistance of John Von Neumann in 1952.
- UNIVAC was first developed by John Mauchlay and J. Presper Eckert in 1951.
- EDSAC was developed by Maurice Wilkes and his team in 1949.
MCQs
No MCQs found.
Subjective Questions
Q1:
Find the words, from the poem, which are closest in meaning to the following words or phrases:
intellectual power
Type: Very_short Difficulty: Easy
Q2:
Find the words, from the poem, which are closest in meaning to the following words or phrases:
kept
Type: Very_short Difficulty: Easy
Q3:
Find the words, from the poem, which are closest in meaning to the following words or phrases:
pieces/parts
Type: Very_short Difficulty: Easy
Q4:
Find the words, from the poem, which are closest in meaning to the following words or phrases:
extends
Type: Very_short Difficulty: Easy
Q5:
Find the words, from the poem, which are closest in meaning to the following words or phrases:
god
Type: Very_short Difficulty: Easy
Q6:
Find the words, from the poem, which are closest in meaning to the following words or phrases:
always
Type: Very_short Difficulty: Easy
Q7:
Find the words, from the poem, which are closest in meaning to the following words or phrases:
you
Type: Very_short Difficulty: Easy
Q8:
Find the words, from the poem, which are closest in meaning to the following words or phrases:
bottom
Type: Very_short Difficulty: Easy
Q9:
Find the words, from the poem, which are closest in meaning to the following words or phrases:
flow
Type: Very_short Difficulty: Easy
Q10:
Find the words, from the poem, which are closest in meaning to the following words or phrases:
detached
Type: Very_short Difficulty: Easy
Q11:
Find the words, from the poem, which are closest in meaning to the following words or phrases:
path/ course / route
Type: Very_short Difficulty: Easy
Q12:
Find the words, from the poem, which are closest in meaning to the following words or phrases:
understanding or learning
Type: Very_short Difficulty: Easy
Q13:
Find the words, from the poem, which are closest in meaning to the following words or phrases:
common sense or judgement
Type: Very_short Difficulty: Easy
Q14:
Find the words, from the poem, which are closest in meaning to the following words or phrases:
distressed/ sad/ uninteresting/ dull or gloomy
Type: Very_short Difficulty: Easy
Q15:
Find the words, from the poem, which are closest in meaning to the following words or phrases:
completeness or faultlessness/ the state of being perfect
Type: Very_short Difficulty: Easy
Q16:
Match the words in column 'A' with their meanings in :
Column 'A' Column 'B'
free constant
thought state of being free/ liberty
freedom havig personal rights
striving the power or process of thinking
stretches making an effort or attempt
reason becomes wider or larger/ reaches out
heaven home of god/ paradise
tireless power of mind to think or understand in a logical way
Type: Very_short Difficulty: Easy
Q17:
Find the words, from the above poem, which are opposite in meaning to the following words/ phrases:
low
Type: Very_short Difficulty: Easy
Q18:
Find the words, from the above poem, which are opposite in meaning to the following words/ phrases:
wide; broad
Type: Very_short Difficulty: Easy
Q19:
Find the words, from the above poem, which are opposite in meaning to the following words/ phrases:
incompleteness
Type: Very_short Difficulty: Easy
Q20:
Find the words, from the above poem, which are opposite in meaning to the following words/ phrases:
vague
Type: Very_short Difficulty: Easy
Q21:
Find the words, from the above poem, which are opposite in meaning to the following words/ phrases:
found
Type: Very_short Difficulty: Easy
Q22:
Find the words, from the above poem, which are opposite in meaning to the following words/ phrases:
alive
Type: Very_short Difficulty: Easy
Q23:
Find the words, from the above poem, which are opposite in meaning to the following words/ phrases:
followed
Type: Very_short Difficulty: Easy
Q24:
Find the words, from the above poem, which are opposite in meaning to the following words/ phrases:
backward
Type: Very_short Difficulty: Easy
Q25:
Find the words, from the above poem, which are opposite in meaning to the following words/ phrases:
never
Type: Very_short Difficulty: Easy
Q26:
Find the words, from the above poem, which are opposite in meaning to the following words/ phrases:
narrowing
Type: Very_short Difficulty: Easy
Q27:
Find the words, from the above poem, which are opposite in meaning to the following words/ phrases:
hell
Type: Very_short Difficulty: Easy
Q28:
Find the words, from the above poem, which are opposite in meaning to the following words/ phrases:
asleep
Type: Very_short Difficulty: Easy
Q29:
Find the words, from the above poem, which are opposite in meaning to the following words/ phrases:
tired
Type: Very_short Difficulty: Easy
Q30:
Find the words, from the above poem, which are opposite in meaning to the following words/ phrases:
interesting; pleasant
Type: Very_short Difficulty: Easy
Q31:
Find the words, from the above poem, which are opposite in meaning to the following words/ phrases:
falsity; falsehood
Type: Very_short Difficulty: Easy
Q32:
Find the words, from the above poem, which are opposite in meaning to the following words/ phrases:
joined/ connected
Type: Very_short Difficulty: Easy
Q33:
Find the words, from the above poem, which are opposite in meaning to the following words/ phrases:
courage
Type: Very_short Difficulty: Easy
Q34:
Write 'T' for true and 'F' for false statements:
Fearless mind is always admired.
Type: Very_short Difficulty: Easy
Q35:
Write 'T' for true and 'F' for false statements:
Constant attempts deserve perfection.
Type: Very_short Difficulty: Easy
Q36:
Write 'T' for true and 'F' for false statements:
Dead habits refer to the dead people's habits.
Type: Very_short Difficulty: Easy
Q37:
Write 'T' for true and 'F' for false statements:
Dead habits are essential for the development.
Type: Very_short Difficulty: Easy
Q38:
Write 'T' for true and 'F' for false statements:
The poet wishes for the freedom of knowledge.
Type: Very_short Difficulty: Easy
Q39:
Write 'T' for true and 'F' for false statements:
The poem is a prayer for all the poet's countrymen.
Type: Very_short Difficulty: Easy
Q40:
Write 'T' for true and 'F' for false statements:
The mind should be fearless to get better knowledge.
Type: Very_short Difficulty: Easy
Q41:
Write 'T' for true and 'F' for false statements:
There is fear where all people hold their head upright.
Type: Very_short Difficulty: Easy
Q42:
Write 'T' for true and 'F' for false statements:
The world has been divided into small fragments.
Type: Very_short Difficulty: Easy
Q43:
Write 'T' for true and 'F' for false statements:
The present world has not been divided into many domestic walls.
Type: Very_short Difficulty: Easy
Q44:
Write 'T' for true and 'F' for false statements:
The poet thinks that the present world is divided into different factions.
Type: Very_short Difficulty: Easy
Q45:
Write 'T' for true and 'F' for false statements:
The poet prays for a world guided by reason, but not dominated by old useless, unreasonable traditional rules.
Type: Very_short Difficulty: Easy
Q46:
Write 'T' for true and 'F' for false statements:
If the mind is full of fear, people can think act freely and live with dignity.
Type: Very_short Difficulty: Easy
Q47:
Find the words that are closest to the following definitions:
trying very hard to achieve sth
Type: Very_short Difficulty: Easy
Q48:
Find the words that are closest to the following definitions:
b) a large area of land covered with sand
Type: Very_short Difficulty: Easy
Q49:
Find the words that are closest to the following definitions:
a large area of land covered with sand
Type: Very_short Difficulty: Easy
Q50:
Find the words that are closest to the following definitions:
divisions between societies, countries etc.
Type: Very_short Difficulty: Easy
Q51:
Find the words that are closest to the following definitions:
emotion caused by the nearness/ possibility of danger etc.
Type: Very_short Difficulty: Easy
Q52:
Find the words that are closest to the following definitions:
old useless traditions/ unreasonable outdated rules
Type: Very_short Difficulty: Easy
Q53:
Complete the following sentences supplying appropriate words from the poem:
The poet appeals to God to change his country as a ______.
Type: Very_short Difficulty: Easy
Q54:
Complete the following sentences supplying appropriate words from the poem:
The poet wants to hear ______.
Type: Very_short Difficulty: Easy
Q55:
Answer these questions:
What is this poem entitled?
Type: Short Difficulty: Easy
Q56:
Answer these questions:
What do you mean by "dead habits"?
Type: Short Difficulty: Easy
Q57:
Answer these questions:
When will our head be held?
Type: Short Difficulty: Easy
Q58:
Answer these questions:
Who has composed this poem?
Type: Short Difficulty: Easy
Q59:
Answer these questions:
When does the mind hold high?
Type: Short Difficulty: Easy
Q60:
Answer these questions:
Why is the world divided into parts?
Type: Short Difficulty: Easy
Q61:
Answer these questions:
Where should our arms be directed?
Type: Short Difficulty: Easy
Q62:
Answer these questions:
Where is the mind expected to be led?
Type: Short Difficulty: Easy
Q63:
Answer these questions:
In what situations is knowledge not free?
Type: Short Difficulty: Easy
Q64:
Answer these questions:
What happens if the mind is full of fear?
Type: Short Difficulty: Easy
Q65:
Answer these questions:
What is the essence/ theme of the poem?
Type: Short Difficulty: Easy
Q66:
Answer these questions:
What does the poet wish for his country?
Type: Short Difficulty: Easy
Q67:
Answer these questions:
What has broken the world into fragments?
Type: Short Difficulty: Easy
Q68:
Answer these questions:
When is the knowledge freely expressed?
Type: Short Difficulty: Easy
Q69:
Answer these questions:
What kinds of words does the poet want to hear?
Type: Short Difficulty: Easy
Q70:
Answer these questions:
What is the cause of the world's fragmentation?
Type: Short Difficulty: Easy
Q71:
Answer these questions:
What are bad effects of narrow domestic walls?
Type: Short Difficulty: Easy
Q72:
Answer these questions:
What does the poet pray to the Almighty Father?
Type: Short Difficulty: Easy
Q73:
Answer these questions:
Why has the world been broken up into fragments?
Type: Short Difficulty: Easy
Q74:
Answer these questions:
In line 3, what does "narrow domestic walls" mean?
Type: Short Difficulty: Easy
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Electro Mechanical Computers
MARK-I
It is the first electro-mechanical computer developed by Howard Aiken in 1937. The machine was 5ft long, 3ft wide and 8ft high and used in 18000 vacuum tubes. The machine took 1 second to perform 3 mathematical calculations.
Atanasoff Berry Computer (ABC )
In 1942, J.V. Atanasoft and Clifford Berry in 1942 developed Atanasoff Berry computer. It was developed to solve simultaneous equation.

ENIAC (Electronic Numerical Integrator and Calculator)
In 1946, this machine was developed by John Mauchlay and J. Presper Eckert. It used decimal number system for calculation. This machine can calculate 300 times faster than any other machine of that time. This machine was used in military operation for firing ballistic missiles.

EDSAC (Electronic Delay Storage Automatic Computer)
This machine was developed by Maurice Wilkes and his team in 1949. 3000 vacuum tubes and consumed 30KW electric power.

EDVAC (Electronic Discrete Variable Automatic Computer)
This machine was developed by John Mauchlay, John Presper Eckert with assistance of John Von Neumann in 1952. This machine was the first machine that could store programs in it with the help of binary digits.

UNIVAC ( Universal Automatic Computer)
This machine was first developed by John Mauchlay and J. Presper Eckert in 1951. This was the first computer developed for commercial use.
Some useful technical terms
- The first computer brought in Nepal. (IBM 1401)
- The first mechanical device using strings on beads. (Abacus)
- Father of computer science. (Charles Babbage)
- The first automatic electromechanical computer. (Mark-1)
- The first commercially used general purposed computer. (UNIVAC)
- The founder of IBM Company USA. (Dr. Herman Hollerith)
- The person who gave stored program concept. (John Von Neuman)
- The main component used in third generation computers. (Integrated Circuit)
- The computer generation in which laptops and palmtops are being developed. (Fourth generation)
- The branch of computer science that will possess reasoning power as human being. (AI)
Full forms
- Bit : Binary Digit
- GIGO : Garbage in Garbage Out
- CPU : Central Processing Unit
- IPM : Information Processing Machine
- MIPS : Millions of Instructions Per Second
- ECG : Eco Cardio Graphy
- ATM : Automatic Teller Machine
- ICU : Intensive Care Unit
- CD-ROM : Compact Disk Read Only Memory
- DVD : Digital Versatile Disk
- EDSAC : Electronic Delay Storage Automatic Computer
- EDVAC : Electronic Discrete Variable Automatic Computer
- UNIVAC : Universal Automatic Computer
- ENIAC : Electronic Numerical Integrator And Calculator
- ASCII : American Standard Code for Information Interchange
- E BCDIC : Extended Binary Coded Decimal Interchange Code
- BCD : Binary Coded Decimal
- IC : Integrated Circuit
- LSI : Large Scale Integration
- VLSI : Very Large Scale Integration
- ULSI : Ultra Large Scale Integration
- PC : Personal Computer
- IBM : International Business Machines
- ASCC : Automatic Sequence Controlled Calculator
- ABC : Atanasoff Berry Computer
- PDA : Personal Digital Assistance
- GaAs : Gallium Arsenide
Lesson
Introduction to Computer
Subject
Computer
Grade
Grade 9
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