Introduction Of Poultry Farming

Introduction of poultry farming

fowls are widely distributed as domesticated animal since times immemorial in twentieth century poultry keeping has becomes an important small scale due to modern need for palatable and nutritive food which, it provides in the form of egg as well as adult animals .it is part of agricultural development deals with farming of chickens ostriches ducks etc among the birds chicken farming gain much popularity in the countries like our having low economic condition of the people and because of egg meat heather and measure values.

Exotic species

1 american class- polymouth rock , rhode island red and white .
2 english class – Sussex , australorp .
3 mediterian class – leghorn, ancona .
4 Asiatic class – brahma , cochin .
5 Endemic class – endemic species such as assel ,chittaonga.
Among these chicken white leghorns are must famous for egg laying similarly polmouth rock broiler sand white are much favoured for meat.
the fast growing broiler is the cross between cornish breed and white Polmouth rock.
among of this leghorn is the most common species.

1 soil

should be sandy gravelly along with good amount of lime the marhy, dirty and drained grounds are fatal to the animal.

2 sheltie

chicken should be protected from the cold and heavy rain they should not be allowed to walk in the water.

3 shade

chicken should be protected from the hot sun light hot winds, therefore, slected site in shady place.

4 fowl house

may be either made wood or brick metalled the outdoor of the house must be in south. It is advisable to construct number of smaller houses rather than single large Sun light or light is essential for the well-being of chickens the floor of the home should be cover by saw dust or wood chaff of hay to keep it warm.

5 food and feeding

the quality and balance quality of food material are the back bones of chicken the oats grams and beans are food for fowl.

6 selective bread

selection of good bread are essential such as best egg layers are long shan.
similarly, Alcoa Minorca are best eggs layers for meat production cross breeds pole mouth rock and white leghorn is best.

7 breeding in fowl

for success poultry farming systemiatic breeding of fowls must be practised the following care should be taken:-

1 the largest and best farm fowls should be selected.

2 weak sick and best fowls should not be taken.

3 weak sick and stunt fowls should not be taken.

4 chicken should always be best layers.

5 the male fowl should be select from the different class before mated with the female.

6 suppilied of nutritsive food and intelligent management are essential.
7 farming can be done following.

Egg Production

hens normally lay the egg from Febrauary till Auggust few hens lay the egg from october to january .Egg are regareded as one of the goodds soucres of vitamine A ,riboflovin, Phosphorus and Iron the Egg of rainy season are very fertile and hatch out well deficinecy of vitamine A and mineral for the hens ,affect the fertililty of the reproductive cell where as vitamin B lead deformity of embryo lack of vitamin E result out death of embryo at the day fourth day of incubation.

Brooding

they are variable type depending upon the climate and temperature changes with respect to hatched chicken sex identification is very necessary to promote farming.

Raring

it is done by 3 ways:-
1 free range system – pullets are let free for the whole day and only collect at evening .
2 semi-intensive system – pullets are let free for a whole day and check in time to time with supplies of grains food and water.
3 captivity system – pullets are kept permanently with in the house of fully managed .

Advantage of poultry farming

1 eggs and meat value,
2 excreta as natural manure values and feather for jacket industries values ,
3 control insect pests ,
4 helps in production new verities of breed ,
5 increases economic condition of farmers,

Reference:

Agrawal, sarita. principle of biology. 2nd edition . kathmandu: Asmita book Publication, 2068 ,2069

Mehta, Krishna Ram. Principle of biology. 2nd edition. kathmandu: Asmita, 2068,2069.

Jorden, S.L. principle of biology. 2nd edition . Kathmandu: Asmita book Publication, 2068.2069.