Objective and Importance of Office Layout
The objective is the ultimate output that an organization wants to achieve. Office layout aims to achieve the smooth performance of official work. It helps to increase the profit of any business organization. Office layout provides comfort to the employees in their work by creating a systematic layout of departments and physical facilities. Effective office layout ensures smooth flow of work. It helps the manager to monitor and supervise the activities of his staff. Good office layout ensures effective inter-communication among staff members and departments. There are severa objectives of the office layout and some of them are mentioned below : -Utilization of floor space -smooth flow of wok -Minimize risk -Maintain safety and security Effective supervision and control -Provides facilities to employee and customer Along with the various objectives there are several importances of the office layout which are mentioned below : -Proper utilization of floor space -Effective supervision -Facilitates for inter communication -Better use of office machine and equipments -Provides comfort and increases efficiency
Summary
The objective is the ultimate output that an organization wants to achieve. Office layout aims to achieve the smooth performance of official work. It helps to increase the profit of any business organization. Office layout provides comfort to the employees in their work by creating a systematic layout of departments and physical facilities. Effective office layout ensures smooth flow of work. It helps the manager to monitor and supervise the activities of his staff. Good office layout ensures effective inter-communication among staff members and departments. There are severa objectives of the office layout and some of them are mentioned below : -Utilization of floor space -smooth flow of wok -Minimize risk -Maintain safety and security Effective supervision and control -Provides facilities to employee and customer Along with the various objectives there are several importances of the office layout which are mentioned below : -Proper utilization of floor space -Effective supervision -Facilitates for inter communication -Better use of office machine and equipments -Provides comfort and increases efficiency
Things to Remember
- Office layout aims to achieve the smooth performance of official work.
- The office layout aims to make full utilization of office space available.
- The office layout aims to bring efficiency in office operation.
- Office layout assures the optimum utilization of floor space.
- Effective office layout ensures smooth flow of work.
- Office layout assures the optimum utilization of floor space.
MCQs
No MCQs found.
Subjective Questions
Q1:
What is the Anatomy and physiology of breast ?
Type: Short Difficulty: Easy
<p>The breast extends vertically from the second to sixth ribs. Horizontally, it extends from the axilla to the lateral margin of the sternum. The part of the breast which extends up into the axilla reaching as high as the third rib is called the ‘Axillary tail of space’.</p>
<p>The breast consists of central protuberance called the nipple. The nipple is made up of erectile tissue. It is covered and surrounded by pigmented area called areola. The areola extends for a distance of 2.5 cm around the nipple. There are sebaceous glands at the edge of the area. These sebaceous glands secrete sebum to keep the nipple supple.</p>
Q2:
Explain the Physiological of lactation ?
Type: Long Difficulty: Easy
<p>The hormone which initiates lactation is called prolactin. It is secretion of an anterior pituitary gland. Prolactin is antagonized by the hormone estrogen. For this reason, prolactin does not function until the level of estrogen in the blood is high. The reduction in the level of estrogen occurs within the first two days of puerperium. This explains why milk is secreted from about the third day of puerperium. The effect of prolactin wears off after eight days.</p>
<p>Physiology of lactation:</p>
<p><strong>Mammogenesis</strong>:</p>
<p>In mammogenesis the ductal system grows and branches; the amount of connective tissue and supporting cells increases and fat are laid down in the breast. This is stimulated by the estrogens, growth hormone, prolactin, insulin and the adrenal corticoids.</p>
<p>Progesterone is involved in the last stages of mammogenesis after the ductal system has grown. It acts with the other hormones to develop the breast lobules and alveoli and adapts the alveoli to have secretory properties.</p>
<p><strong>Lactogenesis</strong></p>
<p>There are two main stages of lactogenesis:</p>
<p>Lactogenesis I: the ability of the mammary glands to secrete milk from mid-pregnancy to late pregnancy.</p>
<p>Lactogenesis I starts from mid-pregnancy till 2 days after birth. It involves the differentiation of alveolar epithelial cells and the stimulation of milk synthesis by prolactin.</p>
<p>Lactogenesis II: the formation of large amounts of milk after parturition.</p>
<p>Lactogenesis II starts from day 3 postpartum to day 8. It is triggered by the reduction of progesterone. The breast becomes full and warm and produce large amounts of milk.</p>
<p><strong>Galactopoiesis</strong></p>
<p>Galactopoiesis starts around 9 days after birth and finishes at the beginning of involution. It is the maintenance of milk secretion controlled by hormones. Breast size starts to diminish between 6 to 9 months after birth. The rate of milk formation normally decreases after 7-9 months; however milk production can continue for years if the child continues to suckle.</p>
<p><strong>Involution</strong></p>
<p>Involution is the loss of secretory function of milk, due to the accumulation of inhibiting peptides. It normally starts 40 days after the last breastfeed. The epithelial cells no longer require their secretory properties so they are removed by the process of apoptosis and replaced by adipocytes.</p>
Videos
No videos found.
Objective and Importance of Office Layout
Objective of Office Layout
The objective of office layout is the ultimate output that an organization wants to achieve. Office layout aims to achieve the smooth performance of official work. It helps to increase the profit of any business organization. The objective of office layout are explained as below:
- Utilization of floor space:
The office layout aims to make full utilization of office space available. It attempts to minimize the wastages of office space. The scientific office layout design minimizes the cost of office and increase profit for it.
- Smooth flow of work:
The office layout aims to bring efficiency in office operation. It attempts to reduce wastage of time and effort of time. The good office layout smoothens the overall activities of the organization and in turn, helps to reduce the cost.
- Minimize risk:
Assets of the business are subject to the risk of loss by fire, accident and other damage. The scientific office layout helps to minimize the possibility of risk to business property. It protects office assets in a safe manner.
- Maintain safety and security:
There might be differenttypes of accident in business which may cause risk to health and life of employees. The good office layout minimizes industrial accident and protects the life of its employee. It safeguards the property of office as well.
- Effective supervision and control:
Employees are to be regularly guided and controlled. The scientific office layout provides facilities for effective supervision of employees and they are provided guidance and assistance to improve their current performance.
- Provide facilities to employee and customer:
Employee and customer need different facilities such as water, imitate health care, canteen, rest room etc. The good office layout is easily escapable to all these facilities. It arranges different facilities required in a systematic manner.
Importance of Office Layout
The following points highlight the importance of office layout:
- Proper utilization of floor space: Office layout assures the optimum utilization of floor space. Office layout makes proper arrangement for human and physical resources which helps to utilize the floor space. Proper utilization of floor space reduces operating office and administration costs.
- Effective supervision: Office layout helps the office manager to supervise the activities of employees and departments in an easy and effective manner.
- Facilitates for inter-communication: Good office layout ensures effective inter-communication among staff members and departments. Effective inter-communication leads to successful office operations.
- Better use of office machines and equipment: The proper utilization of machines and equipment is possible only through proper office layout. The office outlay increases the utilization of the machines and equipment effectively. This will reduce the operating cost of office and administration.
- Provides comfort and increases efficiency: Office layout provides comfort to the employees in their work by creating a systematic layout of departments and physical facilities.
- Gives favorable impression to customers and visitors: Effective office layout develops a positive image of the office among the customers and visitors. It makes outlook of office attractive and impressive.
- Smooth flow of work: Effective office layout ensures smooth flow of work. It helps the manager to monitor and supervise the activities of his staff.
References:
Khanal, Soma Raj, Surendra Thapa Aslami and Sitaram Dhakal.Business Studies.Kathmandu: Taleju Prakashan, 2067.
Pant, Prem R., et al.Business Studies.Kathmandu: Buddha Academic Publishers and Distributors Pvt. Ltd., 2010.
Lesson
Office Management
Subject
Business Studies
Grade
Grade 11
Recent Notes
No recent notes.
Related Notes
No related notes.