Constitutional Organs

The arranged institutions made in the constitution of a country in order to carry out additional functions are called constitutional organs. Legislature, executive, and judiciary only cannot handle every sector required for the well-being of the nation. So, some of the bodies are included in the constitution to carry out daily administration:

Commission for the Investigation of Abuse of Authority (CIAA)

Provision in the Constitution: There is the provision of CIAA in part 21 of the Nepal Constitution.

Formation and Appointment: There's a chief commissioner and other commissioners who are appointed by the President on the recommendation of Constitutional Council.

Tenure: The minimum age required is 45 years. Their tenure is 6 years and the retirement age if 65 years.

Qualification:

1. Should be a graduate from a recognized university.
2. Should not be affiliated with any party during the time of appointment.
3. At least 20 years experience in the field of accounting, revenue, engineering, law, etc.

Functions:

1. To prevent the abuse of authority and check corruption in the country.
2. To conduct inquiries and investigations of improper conduct or misuse of authority by a person holding any office except the Nepal Army.
3. To submit an annual report of its work to the President.

Auditor General

Provision in the Constitution: There is the provision of Auditor General in Part 22 of the Nepal Constitution.

Formation and Appointment: The Auditor General is appointed by the President on the recommendation of Constitutional Council.

Tenure: The minimum age required is 45 years. Their tenure is 6 years and the retirement age if 65 years.

Qualifications:

1. Should be a graduate in management or account from a recognized university or should have passed the examination of Chartered Accountant.
2. Must have worked as a special class officer of Nepal Government or 20 years experience in accounting.
3. No party affiliation during the appointment time.
4. Must have high integrity.

Functions:

1. To audit all the government accounts of government offices like Supreme Court, Parliament, Nepal Army, etc.
2. To recommend the appointment of auditors for carrying out the audit of any corporate body including corporation where the government has 50% of shares or assets.

Public Service Commission

Provision in the Constitution: There is the provision of Public Service Commission in Part 23 of the Nepal Constitution.

Formation and Appointment: There's a chairman and other members who are appointed by the President on the recommendation of Constitutional Council. 50% of the members are appointed from among the civil servants who has served for 2 years or more in government service. Rest are appointed from renowned personalities in the field of science, technology, arts, etc.

Tenure: The minimum age required is 45 years and their tenure is 6 years.

Qualifications:

1. Should be a post graduate from a recognized university.
2. No party affiliation during the appointment time.
3. Must have high integrity.

Functions:

1. To conduct examinations for the selection of suitable candidates to be appointed to civil posts.
2. To conduct all the procedures like interviews, examinations, etc. every year and recommend them in suitable positions of government service.
3. To provide an annual report to the President.

Election Commission

Provision in the Constitution: There is the provision of Election Commission in Part 24 of the Nepal Constitution.

Formation and Appointment: There's a chief election commissioner and other commissioners who are appointed by the President on the recommendation of Constitutional Council.

Tenure: The minimum age required is 45 years and their tenure is 6 years and the retirement age is 65 years.

Qualifications:

1. Should be a post graduate from a recognized university.
2. No party affiliation during the appointment time.
3. Must have high integrity

Functions:

1. To conduct, supervise, direct and control election in local and national level.
2. To prepare electoral rolls, ballot papers, etc. and to provide necessary human powers and other support required to conduct election successfully.

National Human Rights Commission

Provision in the Constitution: There is the provision of National Human Rights Commission in Part 25 of the Nepal Constitution.

Formation and Appointment: There's a chairman and other four members who are appointed by the President on the recommendation of Constitutional Council.

Tenure: The minimum age required is 45 years and their tenure is 6 years.

Qualifications:

1. Should be a post graduate from a recognized university.
2. No party affiliation during the appointment time.
3. Must have high integrity.

Functions:

1. To respect, preserve and promote human rights in the country.
2. To identify the violation of human rights, victims who are affected by the violation and rescue as well as compensate them.
3. To apply other rights and encourage others to fulfill their duties.

National Natural Resources and Fiscal Commission

Provision in the Constitution: There is the provision of Attorney General Part 26 of the Nepal Constitution.

Functions:

1. To give suggestions to the state and local government regarding the budget or donations received from any source.
2. It also gives plans to increase the GDP.
3. It also studies and gives reports on the natural resources use and distribution.
4. It prepares plans for preventing conflicts regarding the use of local natural resources.