Introduction to Electricity

In our modern days, we heavily rely on electricity to run our vehicle, mixer, water pumps and many more. We depend on electricity to light up our home and society. It has become one eternal part of our life. The use of electricity ranges from our home to small scale industry to large scale industry. There are various components and laws that we have to understand how electricity works.

Electric Circuit:

The path that is made of a conducting wire that carries current from negative terminal of a source to positive terminal of the source is called electric circuit. To complete a circuit, we can add a load (bulb, heater or any appliance that uses electricity), a switch and fuse and other electric components to a circuit. For electricity to run our appliances in our home or in an industry the circuit has to be complete. There must be a continuous path for electrons to flow from negative terminal to positive terminal of the source. In an electric circuit, we can add or subtract loads and switches and other electric components (such as resistors, capacitors, rectifiers) according to our need. There are two types of electric circuit:

1. Closed Circuit: When the electricity is flowing in the circuit then that circuit is called closed circuit. For this to happen the switches if used must be on, along with the fuses if used are not broken and wire used is also not broken in any place.

   

2. Open Circuit: When the electricity in a circuit is not flowing then that circuit is called open circuit. This is because there is a disruption to the flow of electrons from negative topositive terminal of the cell. There are various ways to make an open circuit:
   1. Addition of a switch and switching it off
   2. Use of broken wire
   3. Addition of broken fuse