Ammonia

Ammonia is a colourless gas with the pungent smell, brings tear to our eyes and is highly soluble in water. This is a note on Ammonia for SLC/Class 10 students. In this Note you will learn about Ammonia along with its Laboratory preparation.

Summary

Ammonia is a colourless gas with the pungent smell, brings tear to our eyes and is highly soluble in water. This is a note on Ammonia for SLC/Class 10 students. In this Note you will learn about Ammonia along with its Laboratory preparation.

Things to Remember

  • When a finely crushed mixture of dry solid ammonium chloride and calcium hydroxide are heated in the ratio 2:1, they react with each other to give ammonia gas.
  • The physical properties of ammonia are colourless gas, highly soluble in water, lighter than air, liquefies at -33.4oC and solidifies at -78oC.
  • Ammonia dissolves in water to give solution called ammonium hydroxide or ammonia solution. NH3 + H2O → NH4OH
  • Ammonia reacts with acids to produce white fume of ammonium salts. NH3 + HCl → NH4Cl
  • Ammonia decomposes into nitrogen and hydrogen when an electric spark is passed through it.
  • Ammonia is used to manufacture of chemical fertilizers, develop a blueprint of maps, manufacture of washing soda, etc.

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Subjective Questions

Q1:

Make meaningful sentences of given words.

 Although


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Answer: <p>Although Abiral lost his way twice, he arrived safely.</p>

Q2:

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 As soon as


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Answer: <p>I came home as soon as I completed my homework.</p>

Q3:

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In spite of


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Answer: <p>In spite of bang well over 95, he still rides a bike every day.</p>

Q4:

Make meaningful sentences of given words.

 Near


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Answer: <p>Ram went to the nearly park yesterday.</p>

Q5:

Make meaningful sentences of given words.

 As hard as


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Answer: <p>Driving a bicycle is as hard as driving a motorcycle.</p>

Q6:

Make meaningful sentences of given words.

 As clear as


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Answer: <p>The mirror is as clear as a glass.</p>

Q7:

Make meaningful sentences of given words.

As cunning as


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Answer: <p>Abiral is as cunning as a fox.</p>

Q8:

Make meaningful sentences of given words.

Despite


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Answer: <p>Despite Sita's efforts, she failed the exam</p>

Q9:

Make meaningful sentences of given words.

Because of


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Answer: <p>He failed the exam because of his carelessness.</p>

Q10:

Make meaningful sentences of given words.

 Unless


Type: Very_short Difficulty: Easy

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Answer: <p>I'll never move from here unless Astik comes.</p>

Q11:

Choose the correct answer from the spaces.

 One of his brothers doesn't eat much______.


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Answer: <p>bread</p>

Q12:

Choose the correct answer from the spaces.

 Have you read this ancient______?


Type: Very_short Difficulty: Easy

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Answer: <p>stories</p>

Q13:

Choose the correct answer from the spaces.

 

 I've only one______but he has got three watch.


Type: Very_short Difficulty: Easy

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Answer: <p>watch</p>

Q14:

Choose the correct answer from the spaces.

 There are some new______sprouting from the trees.


Type: Very_short Difficulty: Easy

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Answer: <p>leaves</p>

Q15:

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 Two______ make a whole.


Type: Very_short Difficulty: Easy

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Answer: <p>halves</p>

Q16:

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 This______ costs a large amount of money.


Type: Very_short Difficulty: Easy

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Answer: <p>bicycle</p>

Q17:

Choose the correct answer from the spaces.

 We don't have ______ sugar or flour to make the cake.


Type: Very_short Difficulty: Easy

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Answer: <p>much</p>

Q18:

Choose the correct answer from the spaces.

 Don't close the door. There are still ______ children outside.


Type: Very_short Difficulty: Easy

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Answer: <p>a few</p>

Q19:

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 Why don't you decorate your houses with ______ white flowers?


Type: Very_short Difficulty: Easy

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Answer: <p>some</p>

Q20:

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 If you've ______  problem, call me.


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Answer: <p>any</p>

Q21:

Choose the correct answer from the spaces.

 There aren't______ books on this topic in the library.


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Answer: <p>many</p>

Q22:

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Here are ______ nice ripe apples.


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Answer: <p>some</p>

Q23:

Choose the correct answer from the spaces.

 

 They haven't ______ us any questions so far.


Type: Very_short Difficulty: Easy

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Answer: <p>asked</p>

Q24:

Choose the correct answer from the spaces.

 I haven't got ______ red dresses.


Type: Very_short Difficulty: Easy

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Answer: <p>any</p>

Q25:

Choose the correct answer from the spaces.

 He always gives ______ of money to charity. He's very generous person.


Type: Very_short Difficulty: Easy

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Answer: <p>a lot</p>

Q26:

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 My friend didn't make ______ mistakes in the exam.


Type: Very_short Difficulty: Easy

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Answer: <p>many</p>

Q27:

Choose the correct answer from the spaces.

 I should've studied ______  more last night.


Type: Very_short Difficulty: Easy

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Answer: <p>much</p>

Q28:

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 I've ______ money so I'll take you to a movie.


Type: Very_short Difficulty: Easy

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Answer: <p>enough</p>

Q29:

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 That is very kind of you because I didn't have ______ money.


Type: Very_short Difficulty: Easy

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Answer: <p>many</p>

Q30:

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 Please come to see me ______ time you are free.


Type: Very_short Difficulty: Easy

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Answer: <p>any</p>

Q31:

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Thankyou. Maybe I will come ______ on Sunday.


Type: Very_short Difficulty: Easy

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Answer: <p>sometime</p>

Q32:

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 Then you must give me ______ ______ money.


Type: Very_short Difficulty: Easy

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Answer: <p>some more</p>

Q33:

Choose the correct answer from the spaces.

 ______of the snow has already melted.


Type: Very_short Difficulty: Easy

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Answer: <p>Much</p>

Q34:

Choose the correct answer from the spaces.

There is ______ butter in fridge.


Type: Very_short Difficulty: Easy

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Answer: <p>some</p>

Q35:

Choose the correct answer from the spaces.

There are too many ______ in our attic.


Type: Very_short Difficulty: Easy

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Answer: <p>buses</p>

Q36:

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 I ate three______, but he ate only one egg.


Type: Very_short Difficulty: Easy

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Answer: <p>eggs</p>

Q37:

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 He bought five ______, but he ate each watch has a different problem.


Type: Very_short Difficulty: Easy

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Answer: <p>watches</p>

Q38:

Choose the correct answer from the spaces.

 Two______ broke into a museum and stole some paintings.

 


Type: Very_short Difficulty: Easy

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Answer: <p>thieves</p>

Q39:

Choose the correct answer from the spaces.

 There are several ______ to express quantity for uncountable nouns.


Type: Very_short Difficulty: Easy

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Answer: <p>ways</p>

Q40:

Choose the correct answer from the spaces.

 The child's mother sat next to an empty ______.


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Answer: <p>seat</p>

Q41:

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 Do you think men and ______ are two wheels of the same cart?


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Answer: <p>woman</p>

Q42:

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 The police are looking for______ with black hair and a red beard.


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Answer: <p>man</p>

Q43:

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 I saw______ monkeys sitting on the table.


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Answer: <p>three</p>

Q44:

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 How many______ did you take on your trip?


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Answer: <p>picture</p>

Q45:

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 There are 3 ______ in our little community.


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Answer: <p>church</p>

Q46:

Choose the correct answer from the spaces.

 We put ten of our big crystal ______ on the table.


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Answer: <p>glasses</p>

Q47:

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 All the ______ in that school wear uniforms.


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Answer: <p>students</p>

Q48:

Choose the correct answer from the spaces.

 The shepherd counted at least 50 ______ before he finally fell asleep.


Type: Very_short Difficulty: Easy

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Answer: <p>sheep</p>

Q49:

Choose the correct answer from the spaces.

Why are all school ______ painted yellow?


Type: Very_short Difficulty: Easy

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Answer: <p>buses</p>

Q50:

Choose the correct answer from the spaces.

 200 ______ of birds have been found in the reserve.


Type: Very_short Difficulty: Easy

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Answer: <p>species</p>

Q51:

Choose the correct answer from the spaces.

Did you remember to bring the box of ______?


Type: Very_short Difficulty: Easy

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Answer: <p>matches</p>

Q52:

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 The road is always full of ______.


Type: Very_short Difficulty: Easy

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Answer: <p>people</p>

Q53:

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 This website contains a lot of useful ______ about Malaysia.


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Answer: <p>information</p>

Q54:

Choose the correct answer from the spaces.

 Three ______ were waiting outside the mall and one tall ______ went inside.


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Answer: <p>men,man</p>

Q55:

Rearrange the following sentences in sensible form.

 a lot of/ through/ learn/ travel/ can/ you


Type: Very_short Difficulty: Easy

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Answer: <p>You can learn a lot of through travel.</p>

Q56:

Rearrange the following sentences in sensible form.

 in/ office/ a government/ worked/ she


Type: Very_short Difficulty: Easy

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Answer: <p>She worked in a government office.</p>

Q57:

Rearrange the following sentences in sensible form.

 beautiful/ sleep/ in/ so/ looks/ her/ she


Type: Very_short Difficulty: Easy

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Answer: <p>She looks so beautiful in her sleep.</p>

Q58:

Rearrange the following sentences in sensible form.

but/ tired/ didn't/ explained to/ I/ me/ let/ you


Type: Very_short Difficulty: Easy

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Answer: <p>Let me explain you but I am tired.</p>

Q59:

Rearrange the following sentences in sensible form.

I/ to/ village/ my/ returned/ years/ after/ seven


Type: Very_short Difficulty: Easy

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Answer: <p>I returned my village after seven years.</p>

Q60:

Rearrange the following sentences in sensible form.

 are/ each other/ and/ the school/ the post office/ opposite/ of


Type: Very_short Difficulty: Easy

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Answer: <p>The school and the post office are opposite of each other.</p>

Q61:

Rearrange the following sentences in sensible form.

strictly prohibited/ is/ the school/ in/ smoking/ area

 


Type: Very_short Difficulty: Easy

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Answer: <p>Smoking in the school is strictly prohibited.</p>

Q62:

Rearrange the following sentences in sensible form.

 visitors/ forbidden/ the flowers/ pick/ to/ are


Type: Very_short Difficulty: Easy

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Answer: <p>Visitors are forbidden to pick the flowers.</p>

Q63:

Rearrange the following sentences in sensible form.

places/ interest/ of/ visited/ we/ many


Type: Very_short Difficulty: Easy

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Answer: <p>We visited many places of interest.</p>

Q64:

Rearrange the following sentences in sensible form.

10 years ago/ you/ remember/ do/ photographs we took/ the?


Type: Very_short Difficulty: Easy

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Answer: <p>Do you remember the photographs we took 10 years ago?</p>

Q65:

Rearrange the following sentences in sensible form.

 the freezing cold/ the window/ of winter/ outside/ ruled


Type: Very_short Difficulty: Easy

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Answer: <p>Outside the freezing cold window of winter the freezing cold ruled.</p>

Q66:

Rearrange the following sentences in sensible form.

to me/I/ when/ happened/ in India/ this was


Type: Very_short Difficulty: Easy

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Answer: <p>This happened to me when I was in India.</p>

Q67:

Rearrange the following sentences in sensible form.

staring/ furiously / was/ at me/ he


Type: Very_short Difficulty: Easy

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Answer: <p>He was staring furiously at me.</p>

Q68:

Rearrange the following sentences in sensible form.

 very/ to do/ a/ asked/ the teacher/ thing/ simple/ me


Type: Very_short Difficulty: Easy

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Answer: <p>The Teacher asked me to do a simple thing.</p>

Q69:

Rearrange the following sentences in sensible form.

wouldn't think/ If/ for another second/ it/ about/ I/ I were you


Type: Very_short Difficulty: Easy

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Answer: <p>If I were you I wouldn't think about it for another second.</p>

Q70:

Rearrange the following sentences in sensible form.

 one of/ of animals/is/ the endangered species/ the panda


Type: Very_short Difficulty: Easy

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Answer: <p>The panda is one of the endangered species of animals.</p>

Q71:

Rearrange the following sentences in sensible form.

but/ nothing/ had been fishing/ he caught/ all day he


Type: Very_short Difficulty: Easy

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Answer: <p>He had been fishing all the day but he caught nothing.</p>

Q72:

Rearrange the following sentences in sensible form.

because/ horror films/ me/ hate/ feel sick make/I/ watching/ they


Type: Very_short Difficulty: Easy

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Answer: <p>I hate horror films because they make me feel sick.</p>

Q73:

Rearrange the following sentences in sensible form.

 in/ had been/ old man/ wrong/ the/ his/ expectation


Type: Very_short Difficulty: Easy

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Answer: <p>The old man had been wrong in his expectation.</p>

Q74:

Rearrange the following sentences in sensible form.

 he/ unreasonable/ think/ is being/ I


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Answer: <p>I think he is being unreasonable.</p>

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Ammonia

Ammonia

Molecular formula: NH3

Laboratory preparation

Principle: When finely crushed mixture of dry solid ammonium chloride and calcium hydroxide are heated in the ratio 2:1, they react with each other to give ammonia gas.

2NH4Cl + Ca(OH)2→CaCl2+ 2H2O + 2NH3

Precautions

  1. The apparatus must be made airtight.
  2. The hard glass test tube should be fixed in inclined position towards its mouth in order to prevent crack in it.
  3. Heat should be provided uniformly.
  4. The gas jar should be dried.

Test of ammonia

  1. A moist red litmus paper when inserted into the jar containing the gas, it turns into blue. 
  2. It forms white fume of NH4Cl when a glass rod dipped in HCl is taken by this gas.
  3. It can be identified by its pungent smell.

Properties of ammonia

Physical Properties

  1. It is a colorless gas with pungent smell. It brings tear to our eyes.
  2. It is highly soluble in water.
  3. It is lighter than air. So, it is collected by downward displacement of air.
  4. It liquifies at -33.4°C and solidifies at -78°C.
  5. It is neither combustible nor a supporter of combustion.
  6. It is basic in nature as it turns red litmus into blue.

Chemical properties

  1. Ammonia dissolves in water to give solution called ammonium hydroxide or ammonia solution NH3 + H2O → NH4OH
  2. Ammonia reacts with acids to produce white fume of ammonium salts. NH3+ HCl → NH4Cl
  3. Ammonia decomposes into nitrogen and hydrogen when a electric spark is passed through it.2NH3→ N2+ 3H2

Uses of ammonia

  1. Ammonia is used in the manufacture of chemical fertilizers such as ammonium sulphate, ammonium phosphate, urea, etc. 
  2. It is used as cleansing agent for removing oil and grease.
  3. It is used for developingblueprint of maps.
  4. It is used in the manufacture of washing soda.
  5. Its solution is used as a laboratory reagent.
  6. Liquid ammonia is a very good refrigerant and is used in factories, cold storage, etc.

Word Meanings

  1. inclined: sloping; at an angle
  2. airtight: not allowing air to get in or out
  3. spark: a small flash of light produced by an electric current
  4. fume: smoke, gas, or something similar that smells strongly or is dangerous to breathe in
  5. grease: any thick oily substance, especially one that is used to make machines run smoothly
  6. refrigerant: a substance, usually a fluid, used in a heat pump and refrigeration cycle. In most cycles it undergoes phase transitions from a liquid to a gas and back again
  7. combustion: the process of burning
  8. synthesize: to produce a substance by means of chemical or biological processes

Lesson

Some Gases

Subject

Science

Grade

Grade 10

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